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The Mongols stormed into Hungary and defeated the royal army in the Battle of Muhi on 11 April 1241. [198] [199] The Mongols devastated the country for a year, but they withdrew without leaving garrisons behind. [199] [200] Hungary survived the Mongol occupation and Béla IV introduced measures to strengthen the defence system. [199]
Most of the trees in the nation's forests are deciduous beech, oak, and birch, and a small percentage are fir. Since the 14th century, over 250 new plants have colonized Hungary, of which almost 70 are considered invasive. [2] Many such plants are perennial herbs that have slowly extirpated some native flora. [2]
The Holy Crown (Szent Korona), one of the key symbols of Hungary. It was gifted to Saint Stephen, the first King of Hungary, who converted the nation to Christianity. In 972, the ruling prince (Hungarian: fejedelem) Géza of the Árpád dynasty officially started to integrate Hungary into Christian Western Europe. [54]
Religion in Hungary is varied, with Christianity being the largest religion. In the national census of 2022, 42.5% of the population identified themselves as Christians, of whom 29.2% were adherents of Catholicism (27.5% following the Roman Rite, and 1.7% the Greek Rite), 9.8% of Calvinism, 1.8% of Lutheranism, 0.2% of Eastern Orthodox Christianity, and 1.5% of other Christian denominations.
The Kingdom of Hungary was a monarchy in Central Europe that existed for nearly a millennium, from 1000 to 1946. The Principality of Hungary emerged as a Christian kingdom upon the coronation of the first king Stephen I at Esztergom around the year 1000; [8] his family (the Árpád dynasty) led the monarchy for 300 years. By the 12th century ...
The Slavs were Christianized in waves from the 7th to 12th century, though the process of replacing old Slavic religious practices began as early as the 6th century. [1] Generally speaking, the monarchs of the South Slavs adopted Christianity in the 9th century , the East Slavs in the 10th , and the West Slavs between the 9th and 12th century.
Situated at the crossroads of international trade routes, Hungary was affected by several cultural trends. Romanesque, Gothic and Renaissance buildings, and literary works written in Latin prove the predominantly Roman Catholic character of the culture of the Kingdom, but Orthodox, and even non-Christian ethnic minority communities also existed.
The location of Hungary An enlargeable map of the Republic of Hungary. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Hungary: Hungary – landlocked sovereign country located in the Carpathian Basin of Central Europe, bordering Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Romania, Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia. [1] Its capital is ...