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Therefore, the domestic horse today is classified as Equus ferus caballus. No genetic originals of native wild horses currently exist. The Przewalski diverged from the modern horse before domestication. It has 66 chromosomes, as opposed to 64 among modern domesticated horses, and their Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) forms a distinct cluster. [15]
The history of horse domestication has been subject to much debate, with various competing hypotheses over time about how domestication of the horse occurred. The main point of contention was whether the domestication of the horse occurred once in a single domestication event, or that the horse was domesticated independently multiple times.
The earliest archaeological evidence for attempted domestication of the horse comes from sites in Ukraine and Kazakhstan, dating to approximately 4000–3500 BCE. [153] [154] [155] However the horses domesticated at the Botai culture in Kazakhstan were Przewalski's horses and not the ancestors of modern horses. [156] [157]
From the wild to the farm: the domestication of animals explained. Bell Johnson. Updated August 15, 2016 at 10:09 AM. ... 3600 BC: Horses. 3000 BC: Honey Bees. 1500 BC: Geese. 1866 AD: Ostrichs.
A 2009 molecular analysis using ancient DNA recovered from archaeological sites placed Przewalski's horse in the middle of the domesticated horses, [37] but a 2011 mitochondrial DNA analysis suggested that Przewalski's and modern domestic horses diverged some 160,000 years ago. [38]
Domestic horse (Equus caballus) Extinct unknown population of the wild horse (Equus ferus), possibly the tarpan or European wild horse (E. f. ferus)† [38] 4000-3500 BCE [39] [40] Ukraine or Kazakhstan: milk, meat, hair, manure, working, plowing, fighting, racing, servicing, guiding, draft, pack, mount, execution, lawn mowing, weed control ...
The horse was domesticated on the Central Asian steppe 5,500 years ago. The chicken was domesticated in Southeast Asia 4,000 years ago. [37] Universal features
First domesticated in around 3500 BCE, horses have spread across the globe and, in the process, helped the spread of civilization. They are regal animals, equipped with incredible balance and grace.