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The words esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD; American English) and oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD; British English; see spelling differences) are pronounced / ɪ ˌ s ɒ f ə ɡ oʊ ˌ ɡ æ s t r oʊ ˌ d (j) uː oʊ d ɪ ˈ n ɒ s k ə p i /. It is also called panendoscopy (PES) and upper GI endoscopy.
Most patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy have either a stable or improving course in the appearance of the gastropathy on endoscopy.However, according to retrospective data, roughly one in seven patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy will develop bleeding (either acute or chronic) attributable to the gastropathy. [1]
Upper endoscopy within 24 hours is the recommended treatment. [ 15 ] [ 23 ] The benefits versus risks of placing a nasogastric tube in those with upper gastrointestinal bleeding are not well known. [ 15 ]
The diagnosis of gastric varices is often made at the time of upper endoscopy. [1]The Sarin classification of gastric varices identifies two types of gastroesophageal varices, where esophageal varices are found concurrently, and two types of isolated gastric varices, found in the absence of esophageal varices.
Complications: Bleeding, perforation, ulcer perforation, blockage of the stomach [2] Causes: Helicobacter pylori bacteria, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), tobacco smoking, Crohn's disease [1] [3] Diagnostic method: Based on symptoms, confirmed by endoscopy or barium swallow [1] Differential diagnosis
Complications: Bleeding, infection, abscess, peritonitis: Usual onset >1 year after G tube placement: Causes: Excessive tightening of the external bumper: Risk factors: Obesity, weight gain, malnutrition, corticosteroid therapy, and poor wound healing. Diagnostic method: Upper endoscopy: Treatment: Gastrostomy tube removal: Frequency: 0.3–2.4 ...
An endoclip is a metallic mechanical device used in endoscopy in order to close two mucosal surfaces without the need for surgery and suturing. Its function is similar to a suture in gross surgical applications, as it is used to join together two disjointed surfaces, but, can be applied through the channel of an endoscope under direct visualization
Once a patient complains of dysphagia they should have an upper endoscopy (EGD). Commonly patients are found to have esophagitis and may have an esophageal stricture. Biopsies are usually done to look for evidence of esophagitis even if the EGD is normal. Usually no further testing is required if the diagnosis is established on EGD.