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The Arab conquest of Egypt, led by the army of Amr ibn al-As, took place between 639 and 642 AD and was overseen by the Rashidun Caliphate. [1] It ended the seven-century-long Roman period in Egypt that had begun in 30 BC and, more broadly, the Greco-Roman period that had lasted about a millennium.
By the end of the Mamluk period, the ratio of Muslims to Christians in Egypt may have risen to 10:1. [20] According to the medieval Egyptian historian Al-Maqrizi, soon afterwards in "all the provinces of Egypt, both north and south, no church remained that had not been razed.... Thus did Islam spread among the Christians of Egypt." [26]
c. 1550–1400 BCE: Jerusalem becomes a vassal to Egypt as the Egyptian New Kingdom reunites Egypt and expands into the Levant under Ahmose I and Thutmose I. c. 1330 BCE: Correspondence in the Amarna letters between Abdi-Heba , Canaanite ruler of Jerusalem (then known as Urusalim), and Amenhotep III , suggesting the city was a vassal to New ...
The Byzantine Empire after the Arabs conquered the provinces of Syria and Egypt c. 650. The Byzantine province of Egypt held strategic importance for its grain production, naval yards, and as a base for further conquests in Africa. [51] The Muslim general Amr ibn al-As began the conquest of the province on his own initiative in 639. [59]
This page is subject to the extended confirmed restriction related to the Arab-Israeli conflict. Satellite image of the Palestine region from 2003 The timeline of the Palestine region is a timeline of major events in the history of Palestine. For more details on the history of Palestine see History of Palestine. In cases where the year or month is uncertain, it is marked with a slash, for ...
With an army of 17,000 men, Abu Ubaidah and Khalid set off from Jerusalem to conquer all of northern Syria. This ended with the conquest of Antioch in late 637. [30] In 639, the Muslims invaded and conquered Egypt. During his stay in Jerusalem, Umar was led by Sophronius to various holy sites, including the Temple Mount.
The major source of information about the Muslim conquest of Egypt and the province's early Arab military generations, Ibn Abd al-Hakam (d. 871), [138] commends Amr for his leadership of the Egyptian conquest and as the upholder of the interests of Egypt's troops and their families against the central authorities in Medina and later Damascus. [137]
In 828 another Egyptian revolt broke out, and in 831 the Copts joined with native Muslims against the government. A major change came in 834, when Caliph al-Mu'tasim discontinued the practice of paying the jund as they nominally still formed the province's garrison—the ʿaṭāʾ from the local revenue.