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Robot calibration is a process used to improve the accuracy of robots, particularly industrial robots which are highly repeatable but not accurate. Robot calibration is the process of identifying certain parameters in the kinematic structure of an industrial robot, such as the relative position of robot links.
In robotics and mathematics, the hand–eye calibration problem (also called the robot–sensor or robot–world calibration problem) is the problem of determining the transformation between a robot end-effector and a sensor or sensors (camera or laser scanner) or between a robot base and the world coordinate system. [1]
The formal definition of calibration by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) is the following: "Operation that, under specified conditions, in a first step, establishes a relation between the quantity values with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and corresponding indications with associated measurement uncertainties (of the calibrated instrument or ...
Passive calibration satellites are objects of known shape and size. [1] Examples include the Lincoln Calibration Sphere 1 developed by the MIT Lincoln Laboratory. These are generally solid or hollow spheres, since that shape will have the same cross-section regardless of viewing angle, though later passive satellites used wire grid designs. [2]
To perform a full calibration by the Zhang method, at least three different images of the calibration target/gauge are required, either by moving the gauge or the camera itself. If some of the intrinsic parameters are given as data (orthogonality of the image or optical center coordinates), the number of images required can be reduced to two.
A calibration curve plot showing limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), dynamic range, and limit of linearity (LOL).. In analytical chemistry, a calibration curve, also known as a standard curve, is a general method for determining the concentration of a substance in an unknown sample by comparing the unknown to a set of standard samples of known concentration. [1]
The aim of color calibration is to measure and/or adjust the color response of a device (input or output) to a known state. [1] In International Color Consortium (ICC) terms, this is the basis for an additional color characterization of the device and later profiling. [ 2 ]
The Agfa Optima 1535 Sensor is a 35 mm rangefinder camera manufactured by the German company Agfa in 1977. It has the typical big finder of the Optima series, but on this special model it is combined with a superimposed coupled rangefinder. Shutter speed is controlled electronically by a CdS meter, with speeds from 15 sec. to 1/1000 sec. A ...