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Argonoxygen decarburization (AOD) is a process primarily used in stainless steel making and other high grade alloys with oxidizable elements such as chromium and aluminium. After initial melting the metal is then transferred to an AOD vessel where it will be subjected to three steps of refining; decarburization, reduction, and desulfurization.
Desulfurization or desulphurisation is a chemical process for the removal of sulfur from a material. [1] The term usually refers to the removal of sulfur from a molecule or a material by hydrogenolysis: [2] R 2 S + 2 H 2 → 2RH + H 2 S. Hydrogen is the ultimate sulfur acceptor. As applied to oil refinery streams, the conversion is known as ...
The basic oxygen steel-making process is as follows: Molten pig iron (sometimes referred to as "hot metal") from a blast furnace is poured into a large refractory-lined container called a ladle . The metal in the ladle is sent directly for basic oxygen steelmaking or to a pretreatment stage where sulfur , silicon , and phosphorus are removed ...
FINEX is the name for an iron making technology developed by former Siemens VAI (now Primetals Technologies) and POSCO. Molten iron is produced directly using iron ore fines and non-coking coal rather than traditional blast furnace methods through sintering and reduction with coke.
The furnace is tapped in the same way a blast furnace is tapped; a hole is drilled in the side of the hearth and the raw steel flows out. Once all the steel has been tapped, the slag is skimmed away. The raw steel may be cast into ingots, a process called teeming, or it may be used in continuous casting in the rolling mill. [4]
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The wet sulfuric acid process (WSA process) is a gas desulfurization process. After Danish company Haldor Topsoe introduced this technology in 1987, it has been recognized as a process for recovering sulfur from various process gases in the form of commercial quality sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) with the simultaneous production of high-pressure steam.
Hydrogen sulfide produced, for example, in the hydro-desulfurization of refinery naphthas and other petroleum oils, is converted to sulfur in Claus plants. [2] The reaction proceeds in two steps: 2 H 2 S + 3 O 2 → 2 SO 2 + 2 H 2 O 4 H 2 S + 2 SO 2 → 3 S 2 + 4 H 2 O