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A midlife crisis is a transition of identity and self-confidence that can occur in middle-aged individuals, typically 45 to 64/65 years old. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The phenomenon is described as a psychological crisis brought about by events that highlight a person's growing age, inevitable mortality, and possible lack of accomplishments in life.
There is empirical evidence of the causal impact of social relationships on health. The social support theory suggests that relationships might promote health especially by promoting adaptive behavior or regulating the stress response. [1] Troubled relationships as well as loneliness and social exclusion may have negative consequences on health ...
Psychological well-being consists of self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, a feeling of purpose and meaning in life, and personal growth and development. [2] Psychological well-being is attained by achieving a state of balance affected by both challenging and rewarding life events. [3] [4]
On the personal level, the immediate effects are usually negative since experiencing an existential crisis is connected to stress, anxiety, and the formation of bad relationships. [ 2 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 18 ] This can lead all the way to depression if existential crises are not resolved.
Social stress is stress that stems from one's relationships with others and from the social environment in general. Based on the appraisal theory of emotion, stress arises when a person evaluates a situation as personally relevant and perceives that they do not have the resources to cope or handle the specific situation.
Levinson also emphasized that a common part of adult development is the midlife crisis. The process that underlies all these stages is individuation - a movement towards balance and wholeness over time. The key stages that he discerned in early adulthood and midlife were as follows: Early Adult Transition (Ages 16–24)
The perception that those in this stage of development of life undergo a so-called midlife crisis is a largely false one. [25] Personality characteristics remain stable throughout this period, [1] and relationships in middle age may continue to evolve into connections that are stable. [15]
Lacking relationships and social support can increase the prevalence and severity of this crisis in one’s life. Social support acts as a buffer against the many challenges and stressors that come about in early adult life. With age, those in their late twenties and early thirties are more prone to experiencing this crisis.