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The word タクシー (takushī, ' taxi ') written vertically with vertical chōonpu. The chōonpu (Japanese: 長音符, lit. "long sound symbol"), also known as chōonkigō (長音記号), onbiki (音引き), bōbiki (棒引き), or Katakana-Hiragana Prolonged Sound Mark by the Unicode Consortium, is a Japanese symbol that indicates a chōon, or a long vowel of two morae in length.
Many generalizations about Japanese pronunciation have exceptions if recent loanwords are taken into account. For example, the consonant [p] generally does not occur at the start of native (Yamato) or Chinese-derived (Sino-Japanese) words, but it occurs freely in this position in mimetic and foreign words. [2]
This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Japanese on Wikipedia. It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Japanese in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them.
For example, the reading for 上 in the term 上がる (a-garu, "to ascend") may be given as あ・がる, indicating that it is read as あ (a) when followed by the suffix がる (-garu). This symbol is known as an interpunct in English. ゠ ＝ 30A0, FF1D: daburu haifun (ダブルハイフン, "double hyphen")
Hiragana usually spells long vowels with the addition of a second vowel kana; for example, おかあさん (o-ka-a-sa-n, "mother"). The chōonpu (long vowel mark) (ー) used in katakana is rarely used with hiragana, for example in the word らーめん , rāmen , but this usage is considered non-standard in Japanese.
The sound-symbolic words of Japanese can be classified into four main categories: [4] [5] Animate phonomime (擬声語, giseigo) words that mimic sounds made by living things, like a dog's bark (wan-wan). Inanimate phonomime (擬音語, giongo) words that mimic sounds made by inanimate objects, like wind blowing or rain falling (zā-zā).
The official summary chart of the IPA, revised in 2020. The International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) is an alphabetic system of phonetic notation based primarily on the Latin script. It was devised by the International Phonetic Association in the late 19th century as a standard written representation for the sounds of speech. [1]
Longer readings exist for non-Jōyō characters and non-kanji symbols, where a long gairaigo word may be the reading (this is classed as kun'yomi —see single character gairaigo, below)—the character 糎 has the seven kana reading センチメートル senchimētoru "centimeter", though it is generally written as "cm" (with two half-width ...