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Feline diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease in cats whereby either insufficient insulin response or insulin resistance leads to persistently high blood glucose concentrations. Diabetes affects up to 1 in 230 cats , [ 1 ] and may be becoming increasingly common.
Most abnormalities on common tests, such as complete blood count, urinalysis, and biochemistry profile, are due to the diabetes mellitus. Some cats with hypersomatotropism have hyperproteinaemia. [1] One study found it to be the only parameter more frequent in cats with hypersomatotropism than cats with just diabetes mellitus. [10] [1]
An important infectious skin disease of cats is ringworm, or dermatophytosis.Other cat skin infections include parasitic diseases like mange and lice infestations.. Other ectoparasites, including fleas and ticks, are not considered directly contagious but are acquired from an environment where other infested hosts have established the parasite's life cycle.
Not only is this an aesthetically unappealing condition, but there is evidence to support that disciform erythrasma can be an early sign of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The generalized erythrasma is most commonly seen in type 2 diabetes mellitus where the lesions go beyond the areas of the body where skin is rubbing together. [ 1 ]
Necrobiosis lipoidica is a rare, chronic skin condition predominantly associated with diabetes mellitus (known as necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum or NLD). [1] It can also occur in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis or without any underlying conditions ( idiopathic ). [ 2 ]
This type of dermatophytosis can have a subtle appearance, sometimes known as "tine incognito". [11] It can be misdiagnosed for other conditions like psoriasis, discoid lupus, etc. and might be aggravated by treatment with immunosuppressive topical steroid creams.
Pendulous wing-like folds of skin form on the cat's back, shoulders and haunches. Even stroking the cat can cause the skin to stretch and tear. A recessive autosomal (non-sex linked) form of feline cutaneous asthenia has been identified in Siamese cats and related breeds. In the homozygous state, it is apparently lethal.
The damage can also extend into the endocrine portion of the pancreas, resulting in diabetes mellitus. [19] Whether the diabetes is transient or permanent depends on the severity of the damage to the endocrine pancreas beta cells. [17] Extrahepatic biliary duct obstruction has been reported in both the cat and dog.