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2. Soap - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soap

   Recipes for soap-making are described by Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi (c. 865–925), who also gave a recipe for producing glycerine from olive oil. In the Middle East, soap was produced from the interaction of fatty oils and fats with alkali. In Syria, soap was produced using olive oil together with alkali and lime. Soap was exported from ...

3. Melt and pour - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Melt_and_pour

   The meltable base is usually naturally rich in glycerine, a by-product of saponification that has humectant and emollient properties, whereas commercial soap bars have often had this component removed. As with the rebatching method, it can be considered a misnomer to refer to the melt and pour process as soap making. The process has much in ...

4. Saponification - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponification

   Vegetable oils and animal fats are the traditional materials that are saponified. These greasy materials, triesters called triglycerides , are usually mixtures derived from diverse fatty acids. In the traditional saponification, the triglyceride is treated with lye , which cleaves the ester bonds, releasing fatty acid salts (soaps) and glycerol .

5. Saponification value - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saponification_value

   For example, shark oil is not suitable for soap making as it may contain more than 10% of unsaponifiable matter. [11] For edible oils, the tolerated limit of unsaponifiable matter is 1.5% (olive, refined soybean), while inferior quality crude or pomace oil could reach 3%. [12] [13]

6. 15 best-selling beauty products you probably didn’t know were ...

   www.aol.com/lifestyle/top-rated-beauty-at-costco...

   This serum is made with ingredients like polypeptides, biotin, amino acids and hydrating oils and extracts that, when used daily, will strength each strand against breakage — and will lead to ...

7. List of vegetable oils - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_vegetable_oils

   Hemp oil, a high quality food oil [91] also used to make paints, varnishes, resins and soft soaps. [92] Kapok seed oil, from the seeds of Ceiba pentandra, used as an edible oil, and in soap production. [93] Kenaf seed oil, from the seeds of Hibiscus cannabinus. An edible oil similar to cottonseed oil, with a long history of use. [94] [95]