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The alpha-adrenergic receptor has two subclasses α 1 and α 2. Alpha 2 receptors are associated with sympatholytic properties. Alpha-adrenergic agonists have the opposite function of alpha blockers. Alpha adrenoreceptor ligands mimic the action of epinephrine and norepinephrine signaling in the heart, smooth muscle and central nervous system, with
This article lists veterinary pharmaceutical drugs alphabetically by name. Many veterinary drugs have more than one name and, therefore, the same drug may be listed more than once. Abbreviations are used in the list as follows: INN = International Nonproprietary Name; BAN = British Approved Name; USAN = United States Adopted Name
In non-human species this is an immobilizing and anesthetic drug, presumptively also mediated by α 2 adrenergic receptors because it is reversed by yohimbine, an α 2 antagonist. α 2A selective agonists include guanfacine (an antihypertensive) and brimonidine (UK 14,304). -3-nitrobiphenyline is an α 2C selective agonist as well as being a ...
US: ℞-only [2] Medetomidine/vatinoxan , sold under the brand name Zenalpha , is a veterinary fixed dose combination medication used as a sedative and analgesic for dogs. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It contains medetomidine , an alpha2-adrenoceptor agonist, as the hydrochloride; and vatinoxan , an alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist, as the hydrochloride.
They are mainly used in research, having found limited clinical application in human medicine. They are extensively used in veterinary medicine to reverse the effects of alpha-2 agonist drugs used as sedatives, like xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine. Alpha-2 blockers increase noradrenaline release.
The mechanisms of sympathomimetic drugs can be direct-acting (direct interaction between drug and receptor), such as α-adrenergic agonists, β-adrenergic agonists, and dopaminergic agonists; or indirect-acting (interaction not between drug and receptor), such as MAOIs, COMT inhibitors, release stimulants, and reuptake inhibitors that increase the levels of endogenous catecholamines.
An adrenergic agonist is a drug that stimulates a response from the adrenergic receptors. The five main categories of adrenergic receptors are: α 1, α 2, β 1, β 2, and β 3, although there are more subtypes, and agonists vary in specificity between these receptors, and may be classified respectively. However, there are also other mechanisms ...
Prazosin is an α 1-blocker that acts as an inverse agonist at α 1-adrenergic receptors. [9] Raskind and colleagues studied the efficacy of prazosin for PTSD among Vietnam combat veterans in a 20-week double-blind crossover protocol with a two-week drug washout to allow for return to baseline.
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