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Besides using the meat, fat, and organs for food, plains tribes have traditionally created a wide variety of tools and items from bison. These include arrow points, awls, beads, berry pounders, hide scrapers, hoes, needles from bones, spoons from the horns, bow strings and thread from the sinew, waterproof containers from the bladder, paint brushes from the tail and bones with intact marrow ...
English: Original distribution of plains bison (Bison bison bison) and wood bison (Bison bison athabascae) in North America, based on available zooarchaeological, paleontological, oral and written historical accounts. Holocene bison (Bison occidentalis) is an earlier form at the origin of B. b. bison and B. b. athabascae.
Plains bison / bison des plaines: 1 Farewell Lake. 2 Delta Junction. 3 Copper River. 4 Chitina River. 5 Pink Mountain. 6 Cold Lake. 7 Elk Island National Park. 8 Prince Albert National Park. 9 Camp Wainwright. 10 Buffalo Pound Provincial Park. 11 Riding Mountain National Park. 12 Waterton Lakes National Park. 13 National Bison Range. 14 Theodore Roosevelt National Park. 15 Sully's Hill ...
However, 40–70 bison [10] evaded capture and became the ancestors of today's herd in Elk Island National Park. Since 2007, Parks Canada has actively managed a herd of about 400 pure-bred and disease-free plains bison [12] and 300 wood bison [13] in Elk Island. When the population exceeds this number, the excess bison are sold.
There, the plains bison and wood bison mingled and created a hybridized species of bison. The plains bison carried new diseases that were transmitted to the existing wood bison population. When bison populations collapsed in the mid-19th century, Aboriginal groups that relied on the bison had to find new ways to support themselves.
With its mission accomplished, the park was closed in 1940. In 1980, to commemorate the 75th anniversary of Alberta and the legacy of the former Buffalo National Park, four bison from Elk Island National Park were moved to Wainwright. Today, about a dozen bison reside on CFB Wainwright in Bud Cotton Paddock, named for the first Park Warden.
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Highlights of the West Block include the Frenchman River Valley, a herd of over 300 plains bison as well as prairie dog colonies. A 16-kilometre (10 mi) wide stretch of land on either side of the Frenchman River is an Important Bird Area of Canada called Grasslands National Park (west) (SK 024). [10]