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Devitrification in glass art [ edit ] Devitrification occurs in glass art during the firing process of fused glass whereby the surface of the glass develops a whitish scum, crazing , or wrinkles instead of a smooth glossy shine, as the molecules in the glass change their structure into that of crystalline solids.
The principal methods of this are enamelled glass, essentially a technique for painting patterns or images, used for both glass vessels and on stained glass, and glass paint, typically in black, and silver stain, giving yellows to oranges on stained glass. All of these are fired in a kiln or furnace to fix them, and can be extremely durable ...
Conservation-restoration is the practice of cleaning and discovering the original state of an object, investigating the proper treatments and applying those treatments to restore the object to its original state without permanently altering the object, and then preserving the object to prevent further deterioration for generations to come (Caple, p. 5-6). [1]
Painted surfaces that would have been applied to glass cold and fired on, are especially vulnerable to damage from condensation or weathering if they were fired improperly during the production process (Vogel 2007, 7). This is often the case with the fading or disappearance of fine detail, such as faces, in figural stained glass art (fig. 2).
In colorimetry, whiteness is the degree to which a surface is white. An example of its use might be to quantitatively compare two pieces of paper which appear white viewed individually, but not when juxtaposed. The International Commission on Illumination describes it in the following terms:
The millefiori technique involves the production of glass canes or rods, known as murrine, with multicolored patterns which are viewable only from the cut ends of the cane. [ 2 ] [ 9 ] A murrine rod is heated in a furnace and pulled until thin while still maintaining the cross section's design.
Accidents in the world of food can occasionally lead to the discovery of something delicious, but most of the time cooking mistakes lead to undercooked roasts, spreading cookies and inedible eats.
The Portland Vase, about 5–25 AD . Cameo glass is a luxury form of glass art produced by cameo glass engraving or etching and carving through fused layers of differently colored glass to produce designs, usually with white opaque glass figures and motifs on a dark-colored background.