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Neo-Latin, or New Latin, is applied to Latin written after the medieval period according to the standards developed in the Renaissance; it is however a modern term. [11] [12] The field of Neo Latin studies has gained momentum in the last decades, as Latin was central to European cultural and scientific development in the period. [13]
Renaissance Latin, in use from around 1300 to 1500, and the classicised Latin that followed through to the present are often grouped together as Neo-Latin, or New Latin, which have in recent decades become a focus of renewed study, given their importance for the development of European culture, religion and science.
Today, the Latin script, the Latin alphabet spread by the Roman Empire to most of Europe, and derived from the Phoenician alphabet through an ancient form of the Greek alphabet adopted and modified by Etruscan, is the most widespread and commonly used script in the world. Spread by various colonies, trade routes, and political powers, the ...
The last reference to Gaulish was between 560 and 575. [101] [102] The emergent Gallo-Romance languages would then be shaped by Gaulish. [103] Proto-Basque or Aquitanian evolved with Latin loan words to modern Basque. [104] The Thracian language, as were several now-extinct languages in Anatolia, are attested in Imperial-era inscriptions. [93] [96]
As late as 1492, the Latin alphabet was limited primarily to the languages spoken in western, northern and central Europe. The Orthodox Christian Slavs of eastern and southeastern Europe mostly used the Cyrillic alphabet, and the Greek alphabet was still in use by Greek-speakers around the eastern Mediterranean.
The duchy was then assigned to a Habsburg but did not stay in the House long before succumbing to Italian unification. It was granted to the second wife of Napoleon I of France , Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma , a daughter of the Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor , who was the mother of Napoleon II of France .
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The most widespread descendant of Greek is the Latin script, named for the Latins, a central Italian people who came to dominate Europe with the rise of Rome. Around the 5th century BC, the Romans adopted writing from the Etruscan civilization , who wrote in a number of Italic scripts derived from the western Greeks.