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Thus, the maximum frequency deviation is δ = 0.5 f m where f m is the maximum modulating frequency. As a result, the modulation index m is 0.5. This is the smallest FSK modulation index that can be chosen such that the waveforms for 0 and 1 are orthogonal. A variant of MSK called Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) is used in the GSM mobile ...
Minimum frequency-shift keying or minimum-shift keying (MSK) is a particular spectrally efficient form of coherent FSK. In MSK, the difference between the higher and lower frequency is identical to half the bit rate. Consequently, the waveforms that represent a 0 and a 1 bit differ by exactly half a carrier period.
However, Classic Bluetooth uses a modulation index of 0.35, while the modulation index for Bluetooth Low Energy is set at between 0.45 and 0.55, which is close to the level for Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK)."
Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) Continuous-phase frequency-shift keying (CPFSK) Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation ... CodSim 2.0: Open ...
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Notable variants of CPM include minimum shift keying (MSK) and Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK), which uses a Gaussian filter to smooth out phase shifts. [7] [8] Since the underwater environment is highly scattered, it can cause multipath propagation and signal degradation.
AIS messages are transmitted using Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK) modulation. The GMSK modulator BT-product used for transmission of data should be 0.4 maximum (highest nominal value). The GMSK coded data should frequency modulate the VHF transmitter. The modulation index should be 0.5. The transmission bit rate is 9600 bit/s
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