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Gaussian minimum-shift keying, or GMSK, is similar to standard minimum-shift keying (MSK); however, the digital data stream is first shaped with a Gaussian filter before being applied to a frequency modulator, and typically has much narrower phase shift angles than most MSK modulation systems.
In addition to Gaussian minimum-shift keying (GMSK), EDGE uses higher-order PSK/8 phase-shift keying (8PSK) for the upper five of its nine modulation and coding schemes. EDGE produces a 3-bit word for every change in carrier phase.
The used modulation is GMSK modulation (Gaussian Minimum-Shift Keying). GSM-R is a TDMA ("Time-Division Multiple Access") system. Data transmission is made of periodical TDMA frames (with a period of 4.615 ms), for each carrier frequency (physical channel).
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Notable variants of CPM include minimum shift keying (MSK) and Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK), which uses a Gaussian filter to smooth out phase shifts. [7] [8] Since the underwater environment is highly scattered, it can cause multipath propagation and signal degradation.
A shipwreck dating back to the 5th and 6th centuries B.C. was discovered earlier this year off the coast of Sicily, Italian officials said.
Both Classic Bluetooth and Bluetooth Low Energy utilize Gaussian frequency shift keying (GFSK). However, Classic Bluetooth uses a modulation index of 0.35, while the modulation index for Bluetooth Low Energy is set at between 0.45 and 0.55, which is close to the level for Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK)."
House Republican leaders will choose new chairs for a number of influential committees this week, people who will have the power to help deliver on President-elect Trump’s priorities in the GOP ...