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Serum total protein, also known as total protein, is a clinical chemistry parameter representing the concentration of protein in serum. [1] Serum contains many proteins including serum albumin, a variety of globulins, and many others. While it is possible to analyze these proteins individually, total protein is a relatively quick and ...
A complete blood count, which is a blood test, is one of the initial steps in the diagnosis of AML. It may reveal both an excess of white blood cells (leukocytosis) or a decrease , and a low red blood cell count and low platelets (thrombocytopenia) can also be commonly seen. [22] A blood film may show leukemic blast cells. [22]
Reference ranges (reference intervals) for blood tests are sets of values used by a health professional to interpret a set of medical test results from blood samples. Reference ranges for blood tests are studied within the field of clinical chemistry (also known as "clinical biochemistry", "chemical pathology" or "pure blood chemistry"), the ...
Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) is an asymptomatic condition in which individuals have increased blood levels of particular subtypes of monoclonal lymphocytes (i.e. an aberrant and potentially malignant group of lymphocytes produced by a single ancestral cell).
People with cancer have an increased risk of blood clots in their veins which can be life-threatening. [206] The use of blood thinners such as heparin decrease the risk of blood clots but have not been shown to increase survival in people with cancer. [206] People who take blood thinners also have an increased risk of bleeding. [206]
Some HLA-mediated diseases are directly involved in the promotion of cancer. Gluten-sensitive enteropathy is associated with increased prevalence of enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, and DR3-DQ2 homozygotes are within the highest risk group, with close to 80% of gluten-sensitive enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma cases.
Lung cancer is rare in those younger than 40; the average age at diagnosis is 70 years, and the average age at death 72. [2] Incidence and outcomes vary widely across the world, depending on patterns of tobacco use. Prior to the advent of cigarette smoking in the 20th century, lung cancer was a rare disease.
Cancer of the stomach is difficult to cure unless it is found at an early stage (before it has begun to spread). Unfortunately, because early stomach cancer causes few symptoms, the disease is usually advanced when the diagnosis is made. [80] Treatment for stomach cancer may include surgery, [81] chemotherapy, [13] or radiation therapy. [82]