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  2. Piston (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piston_(optics)

    Piston and tilt are not actually true optical aberrations, as they do not represent or model curvature in the wavefront. Defocus is the lowest order true optical aberration. If piston and tilt are subtracted from an otherwise perfect wavefront, a perfect, aberration-free image is formed.

  3. Tilt (optics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tilt_(optics)

    Piston and tilt are not actually true optical aberrations, as they do not represent or model curvature in the wavefront. Defocus is the lowest order true optical aberration. If piston and tilt are subtracted from an otherwise perfect wavefront, a perfect, aberration-free image is formed. Rapid optical tilts in both X and Y directions are termed ...

  4. Optical aberration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_aberration

    In addition to these aberrations, piston and tilt are effects which shift the position of the focal point. Piston and tilt are not true optical aberrations, since when an otherwise perfect wavefront is altered by piston and tilt, it will still form a perfect, aberration-free image, only shifted to a different position.

  5. Zernike polynomials - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zernike_polynomials

    In precision optical manufacturing, Zernike polynomials are used to characterize higher-order errors observed in interferometric analyses. In wavefront slope sensors like the Shack-Hartmann , Zernike coefficients of the wavefront can be obtained by fitting measured slopes with Zernike polynomial derivatives averaged over the sampling ...

  6. Aberrations of the eye - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberrations_of_the_eye

    The eye, like any other optical system, suffers from a number of specific optical aberrations. The optical quality of the eye is limited by optical aberrations, diffraction and scatter . [ 1 ] Correction of spherocylindrical refractive errors has been possible for nearly two centuries following Airy's development of methods to measure and ...

  7. Adaptive optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_optics

    The simplest form of adaptive optics is tip–tilt correction, [9] which corresponds to correction of the tilts of the wavefront in two dimensions (equivalent to correction of the position offsets for the image). This is performed using a rapidly moving tip–tilt mirror that makes small rotations around two of its axes.

  8. Scheimpflug principle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scheimpflug_principle

    Of course, the tilt also affects the position of the PoF, so if the tilt is chosen to minimize the region of sharpness, the PoF cannot be set to pass through more than one arbitrarily chosen point. If the PoF is to pass through more than one arbitrary point, the tilt and focus are fixed, and the lens f -number is the only available control for ...

  9. Astigmatism (optical systems) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astigmatism_(optical_systems)

    An optical system with astigmatism is one where rays that propagate in two perpendicular planes have different foci. If an optical system with astigmatism is used to form an image of a cross , the vertical and horizontal lines will be in sharp focus at two different distances.