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Richter tuning is a system of choosing the reeds for a diatonic wind instrument (such as a harmonica or accordion).It is named after Joseph Richter, a Bohemian instrument maker who adopted the tuning for his harmonicas in the early 19th century and is credited with inventing the blow/draw mechanism that allows the harmonica to play different notes when the air is drawn instead of blown.
The Richter-tuned harmonica, 10-hole harmonica (in Asia) or blues harp (in America), is the most widely known type of harmonica. It is a variety of diatonic harmonica, with ten holes which offer the player 19 notes (10 holes times a draw and a blow for each hole minus one repeated note) in a three- octave range.
Power has created several new harmonica tunings including Paddy Richter [6] and PowerBender, [7] and has introduced several new harmonica types, including the Slide Diatonic and ChromaBender. Power invented the concept of 'Half-Valving' in 1980, [ 8 ] and was a co-inventor with Will Scarlett of the 'extra-reed' [ 9 ] concept for achieving ...
Solo tuning is a system of choosing the reeds for a diatonic wind instrument (such as a harmonica or accordion) to fit a pattern where blow notes repeat a sequence of C E G C (perhaps shifted to begin with E or with G) and draw notes follow a repeating sequence of D F A B (perhaps correspondingly shifted).
The harmonica first appeared in Vienna, where harmonicas with chambers were sold before 1824 (see also Anton Reinlein and Anton Haeckl). Richter tuning, invented by Joseph Richter (who also is credited with inventing the blow and draw mechanism), was created in 1826 and was eventually adopted nearly universally.
This 10-holes scheme is by far the most common scheme today, commonly referred to as "Richter tuning" (regardless of whatever that lost-in-history Mr. Richter really invented). Finding references should be easy, e.g. book Harmonica For Dummies, ISBN13: 9781118880760.
There is no such thing as "Richter-tuned" harmonica. This is a common misnomer for a "German standard tuned" harmonica. "Richter" is the construction method used in these 10 hole/20 reed diatonic harmonicas (and others) whereby the comb is sandwiched between 2 reed-plates, with two reeds per chamber, each on separate reed-plates.
Diminished tuning is a system of choosing the reeds for a diatonic wind instrument (such as a harmonica or accordion) in which the blow notes repeat a sequence of C E♭ F♯ A. and draw notes follow a repeating sequence of D F G♯ B (perhaps shifted to begin with E♭ and F, with F♯ and G♯, or with A and B). For example:
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