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The stepladder sign is a radiological finding observed in the context of small bowel obstruction on abdominal X-rays or computed tomography scans. It refers to the appearance of multiple, dilated small bowel loops arranged in a step-like configuration, typically visible in upright or lateral decubitus imaging positions.
On CT imaging, the small bowel feces sign appears as a mottled, mixed-density pattern within a distended small bowel loop. It is typically located proximal to the site of obstruction and is often accompanied by other features of small bowel obstruction, such as: [5] Dilated bowel loops: Loops proximal to the obstruction exhibit dilation (>2.5-3 ...
Depending on the level of obstruction, bowel obstruction can present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension, and constipation.Bowel obstruction may be complicated by dehydration and electrolyte abnormalities due to vomiting; respiratory compromise from pressure on the diaphragm by a distended abdomen, or aspiration of vomitus; bowel ischemia or perforation from prolonged distension or ...
Bowel ischemia: Computed tomography (CT) showing dilated loops of small bowel with thickened walls (black arrow), findings characteristic of ischemic bowel due to thrombosis of the superior mesenteric vein. Specialty: General surgery, vascular surgery, gastroenterology: Symptoms: Acute: sudden severe pain [1]
Ultrasound and computed tomography (CT) imaging of the abdomen can confirm the diagnosis by demonstrating dilated loops of intestine with material in the intestinal lumen with bubbles. [1] Air-fluid levels may be seen in those affected by DIOS. [1]
Volvulus causes severe pain and progressive injury to the intestinal wall, with accumulation of gas and fluid in the portion of the bowel obstructed. [11] Ultimately, this can result in necrosis of the affected intestinal wall, acidosis, and death. This is known as a closed-loop obstruction because there exists an isolated ("closed") loop of bowel.
X-ray showing distended stomach and bowel loops. Dilated bowel loops are a characteristic of chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction. Specialty: Gastroenterology: Symptoms: Abdominal pain, bloating, and distension. [1] Duration: Chronic. [1] Causes: Neurologic, paraneoplastic, autoimmune, metabolic/endocrine, genetic, or infectious diseases. [1 ...
The small bowel follow-through may be characterized by delayed transit, distension near small bowel adhesions, and a "cauliflower" appearance due to peritoneal sclerosis-encapsulated bowel loop compression. Dilated loops of bowel may appear encased in a dense fibrous membrane or matted together and tethered posteriorly on ultrasonography. [48]