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The exit steam from one turbine is made to enter the nozzle of the succeeding turbine. Each of the simple impulse turbines would then be termed a "stage" of the turbine. Each stage comprises its ring of nozzle and blades. The steam from the boiler passes through the first nozzle ring, where its pressure drops and velocity increases. [2]
It consists of alternate rings of nozzles and turbine blades. The nozzles are fitted to the casing and the blades are keyed to the turbine shaft. In this type of compounding, the steam is expanded in a number of stages, instead of just one (nozzle) in the velocity compounding. It is done by the fixed blades which act as nozzles. The steam ...
The modern steam turbine was invented in 1884 by Charles Parsons, whose first model was connected to a dynamo that generated 7.5 kilowatts (10.1 hp) of electricity. [12] The invention of Parsons' steam turbine made cheap and plentiful electricity possible and revolutionized marine transport and naval warfare. [13] Parsons' design was a reaction ...
Frictional resistance is offered during the flow of steam through nozzles on moving and stationary blades. In most turbines, the blade wheels rotate in a space full of steam. The viscous friction at the wheel surface causes admission losses as steam passes from nozzle to wheel. The effect of partial admission creates eddies in the blade channels.
A de Laval nozzle (or convergent-divergent nozzle, CD nozzle or con-di nozzle) is a tube which is pinched in the middle, with a rapid convergence and gradual divergence. It is used to accelerate a compressible fluid to supersonic speeds in the axial (thrust) direction, by converting the thermal energy of the flow into kinetic energy .
The number of turbine stages can have a great effect on how the turbine blades are designed for each stage. Many gas turbine engines are twin-spool designs, meaning that there is a high-pressure spool and a low-pressure spool. Other gas turbines use three spools, adding an intermediate-pressure spool between the high- and low-pressure spool.
The areas of both the propelling nozzle and turbine nozzle set the mass flow through the engine and the maximum pressure. While both these areas are fixed in many engines (i.e. those with a simple fixed propelling nozzle), others, most notably those with afterburning, have a variable area propelling nozzle.
250 kW steam turbine generator set (1910) 500 MW Siemens multi stage steam turbine with generator set (rear, red) Parsons first 1 MW steam turbine driven "Turbogenerator" (made 1900 for a plant in Elberfeld, Germany) Ottó Bláthy in the armature of a Ganz turbo generator (1904) Small RP4 steam turbo generator set 500W/24V for a steam locomotive: alternator (left) + turbine (right)