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Saint Bernard refers primarily to Bernard of Clairvaux (1090–1153), a Christian saint, mystic, and reformer of the Cistercian order. Another prominent meaning is St. Bernard (dog) , a breed of dog.
Bernard of Clairvaux, O.Cist. (Latin: Bernardus Claraevallensis; 1090 – 20 August 1153), venerated as Saint Bernard, was an abbot, mystic, co-founder of the Knights Templar, [a] and a major leader in the reform of the Benedictines through the nascent Cistercian Order.
The St. Bernard or Saint Bernard (UK: / ˈ b ɜːr n ər d /, US: / b ər ˈ n ɑːr d /) is a breed of very large working dog from the Western Alps in Italy and Switzerland. [3] They were originally bred for rescue work by the hospice of the Great St Bernard Pass on the Italian-Swiss border .
Bernard is a French and West Germanic masculine given name. It has West Germanic origin and is also a surname. [2]The name is attested from at least the 9th century. West Germanic Bernhard is composed from the two elements bern "bear" and hard "brave, hardy". [3]
Jesu dulcis memoria is a Christian hymn often attributed to Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. The name can refer either to the entire poem, which, depending on the manuscript, ranges from forty-two to fifty-three stanzas, or only the first part. [1] The hymn inspired other variants, such as the "De nomine Iesu."
Feeling defeated by the saint's argument, the devil gave up and told the Cistercian abbot which verses to recite. These eight were included in a vast amount of prayer books and were widely copied in Late Medieval Europe. [3] The verses come from the Vulgata. The following section provides the English translation from the Douay Rheims Bible:
Fr. Claude Bernard, known as the "Poor Priest", zealously dedicated himself to the preaching and aiding of prisoners and criminals condemned to death. Trusting his charges to the care and intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Fr. Bernard employed the Memorare extensively in his work of evangelization to great effect.
In 1899 the English poet Robert Bridges (1844–1930) made a fresh translation from the original Latin, beginning "O sacred Head, sore wounded, defiled and put to scorn". This is the version used in the 1940 Hymnal (Episcopal), the 1982 Hymnal (Episcopal; stanzas 1–3 and 5), and the New English Hymnal (1986) and several other late 20th ...