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Selenium is a component of the amino acids selenocysteine and selenomethionine. In humans, selenium is a trace element nutrient that functions as cofactor for glutathione peroxidases and certain forms of thioredoxin reductase. [1] Selenium-containing proteins are produced from inorganic selenium via the intermediacy of selenophosphate (PSeO 3 3 ...
Selenomethionine (SeMet) is a naturally occurring amino acid.The L-selenomethionine enantiomer is the main form of selenium found in Brazil nuts, cereal grains, soybeans, and grassland legumes, while Se-methylselenocysteine, or its γ-glutamyl derivative, is the major form of selenium found in Astragalus, Allium, and Brassica species. [1]
Selenium is found in metal sulfide ores, where it substitutes for sulfur. Commercially, selenium is produced as a byproduct in the refining of these ores. Minerals that are pure selenide or selenate compounds are rare. The chief commercial uses for selenium today are glassmaking and pigments. Selenium is a semiconductor and is used in photocells.
Selenium forms two oxides: selenium dioxide (SeO 2) and selenium trioxide (SeO 3). Selenium dioxide is formed by the reaction of elemental selenium with oxygen: [5] + It is a polymeric solid that forms monomeric SeO 2 molecules in the gas phase. It dissolves in water to form selenous acid, H 2 SeO 3.
Selenocysteine is an analogue of the more common cysteine with selenium in place of the sulfur. Selenocysteine is present in several enzymes (for example glutathione peroxidases , tetraiodothyronine 5′ deiodinases , thioredoxin reductases , formate dehydrogenases , glycine reductases , selenophosphate synthetase 2 , methionine- R -sulfoxide ...
A 2024 study found that drinking red wine may significantly decrease certain markers of inflammation related to atherosclerosis—plaque buildup on the artery walls.
Selenium is a vital nutrient in animals, [7] including humans. About 25 different selenocysteine-containing selenoproteins have so far been observed in human cells and tissues. [ 8 ] Since lack of selenium deprives the cell of its ability to synthesize selenoproteins, many health effects of low selenium intake are believed to be caused by the ...
Chosen for its selenium content and high solubility, sodium selenate is a common ingredient in over-the-counter vitamin supplements. Selenium is a trace essential element. Sodium selenate and selenite are also common in premix animal feed. Neither compound has demonstrated a difference in the amount of selenium absorbed.
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