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In French cuisine, the mother sauces (French: sauces mères), also known as grandes sauces in French, are a group of sauces upon which many other sauces – "daughter sauces" or petites sauces – are based. [1] [2] Different classifications of mother sauces have been proposed since at least the early 19th century. [3]
In the 19th century, Marie-Antoine Carême anointed Béchamel, Velouté, Espagnole, and tomato sauce as the building blocks for all other sauces in his work L'Art de la Cuisine Française au Dix ...
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The fat is most often butter in French cuisine, but may be lard or vegetable oil in other cuisines. Roux is used in three of the five mother sauces of classic French cooking: béchamel sauce, velouté sauce, and espagnole sauce. [4] Roux may be made with any edible fat. For meat gravies, fat rendered from meat is often used.
Tomato sauces are common for meat and vegetables, but they are perhaps best known as bases for sauces for Mexican salsas and Italian pasta dishes. Tomatoes have a rich flavor, high water content, soft flesh which breaks down easily, and the right composition to thicken into a sauce when stewed, without the need for thickeners such as roux or masa .
This satisfying main dish features sweet potato glass noodles and roasted cauliflower tossed in a sweet and spicy sauce made with fish sauce, sambal oelek and maple syrup.
By the middle of the 19th century the sauce was familiar in the English-speaking world: in her Modern Cookery of 1845 Eliza Acton gave two recipes for it, one with added wine and one without. [8] The sauce was included in Auguste Escoffier's 1903 classification of the five mother sauces, on which much French cooking depends. [9]
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