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2 War use. 3 Other uses. 4 See also. 5 References. ... the parma was replaced by the body-length scutum as velites were phased out with the so-called "Marian reforms".
In some parts of Italy the scutum had been used since pre-historical times. [6] Polybius gave a description of the early second-century scutum BC: [7] The Roman panoply consists firstly of a shield (scutum), the convex surface of which measures 2.5 ft (76 cm) in width and 4 ft (120 cm) in length, the thickness at the rim being a palm's breadth ...
The only name for this diagram which was in any regular use during the Middle Ages was "Scutum Fidei", a Latin phrase meaning "Shield of the Faith", taken from the Vulgate of Ephesians verse 6:16. For example, in this c. 1247–1258 manuscript of John of Wallingford's writings, the quote from Ephesians 6:16 is placed directly above the diagram. [1]
The Roman scutum was a large shield designed to fit with others to form a shield wall but not overlap. Roman legions used an extreme type of shield wall called a testudo formation that covered front, sides and above. In this formation, the outside ranks formed a dense vertical shield wall and inside ranks held shields over their heads, thus ...
A variation of the proverb appeared as line 495 in the play Asinaria by Plautus: "Lupus est homo homini, non homo, quom qualis sit non novit ", [2] which has been translated as "Man is no man, but a wolf, to a stranger," or "A man is a wolf rather than a man to another man, when he hasn't yet found out what that man is like."
With support from the Spartan Lampito, Lysistrata persuades the other women to withhold sexual privileges from their menfolk as a means of forcing them to conclude the Peloponnesian War. The women are reluctant, but the deal is sealed with a solemn oath around a wine bowl in which the women abjure all their sexual pleasures, including the ...
The scutum is a rectangular arched shield that measures 105.5 by 41 cm and is mainly made of wood. It was found broken up into thirteen parts. It is made from strips of wood that are 30 to 80 mm wide and 1.5 to 2 mm thick. They are put together in three layers, so that the total thickness of the wood layer is 4.5 to 6 mm.
The excavation map of Dura-Europos. Tower 24, in the top left, was the find location of the shield. In the 1920s and 30s, Yale University and the French Academy held joint excavations of Dura-Europos, after the modern rediscovery of the site initiated with the widely published photos and findings of James Henry Breasted.