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n, iso and neo are no longer used in the systematic nomenclature, but still frequently in trivial names and in laboratory jargon. The prefix n describes a straight-chain carbon skeleton without branches, whereas iso describes a branched skeleton, without specifying any further details
The prefixes sec (from "secondary") and tert (from "tertiary") refer to the number of additional side chains (or carbons) connected to the first butyl carbon. The prefix "iso" or "iso" means "isolated" while the prefix 'n-' stands for "normal". Butan-2-yl (sec-butyl) group is chiral. The carbon atom at position 2 is a stereocenter.
Exceptions are cyclo, iso, neo, and spiro which are considered part of the name and therefore not italicized or hyphenated. Substituent groups are also considered part of the name. In former versions of the IUPAC recommendations, names were written with a capital initial letter.
Alcohols are then classified into primary, secondary (sec-, s-), and tertiary (tert-, t-), based upon the number of carbon atoms connected to the carbon atom that bears the hydroxyl functional group. The respective numeric shorthands 1°, 2°, and 3° are sometimes used in informal settings. [23] The primary alcohols have general formulas RCH 2 OH.
The R is the functional group attached to a tertiary carbon. If the functional group was an OH group, this compound would be commonly called tert-butanol or t-butanol. When a functional group is attached to a tertiary carbon, the prefix -tert (-t) is used in the common name for the compound. [4] An example of this is shown in the figure.
Trimethylsilyl, tert-butyl, and isopropyl groups can form stable carbocations, hence are ipso directing groups. Meso-substitution refers to the substituents occupying a benzylic position. It is observed in compounds such as calixarenes and acridines. Peri-substitution occurs in naphthalenes for substituents at the 1 and 8 positions. [citation ...
Pentyl is a five-carbon alkyl group or substituent with chemical formula-C 5 H 11.It is the substituent form of the alkane pentane.. In older literature, the common non-systematic name amyl was often used for the pentyl group.
Tetramethyl acetyloctahydronaphthalenes (International Nomenclature for Cosmetic Ingredients name) (1-(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8-ottaidro-2,3,8,8,-tetrametil-2-naftil)etan-1-one) is a synthetic ketone fragrance also known as OTNE (octahydrotetramethyl acetophenone) and by other commercial trade names such as: Iso E Super, Iso Gamma Super, Anthamber, Amber Fleur, Boisvelone, Iso Ambois, Amberlan, Iso ...