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Spanish Florida was a haven for escaped slaves and for Native Americans deprived of their traditional lands during colonial times and in the first decades of U.S. independence. The Underground Railroad ran south during this period. [8] [9] [10] Three autonomous black communities developed in Spanish Florida, though not simultaneously.
The first European known to have explored the coasts of Florida was the Spanish explorer and governor of Puerto Rico, Juan Ponce de León, who likely ventured in 1513 as far north as the vicinity of the future St. Augustine, naming the peninsula he believed to be an island "La Florida" and claiming it for the Spanish crown.
Similarly to the rest of the southeast at the time, the Florida Territory allowed slavery. A slave code was created in 1828. Slavery in Florida "[b]etween 1821 and 1861" could mostly be found in areas where cotton was grown between the Apalachicola and Suwannee Rivers, along the St. Johns River, and near St. Augustine, but an exception to this ...
Spanish Florida was established in the 1500s, when Spain laid claim to land explored by several expeditions across the future southeastern United States.The introduction of diseases to the indigenous peoples of Florida caused a steep decline in the original native population over the following century, and most of the remaining Apalachee and Tequesta peoples settled in a series of missions ...
Nonetheless, slavery was legal in every colony prior to the American Revolutionary War (1775-1783), and was most prominent in the Southern Colonies (as well as, the southern Mississippi River and Florida colonies of France, Spain, and Britain), which by then developed large slave-based plantation systems. Slavery in Europe's North American ...
Pedro Menéndez de Avilés. The first European known to have explored the coasts of Florida was the Spanish explorer and governor of Puerto Rico, Juan Ponce de León, who likely ventured in 1513 as far north as the vicinity of the future St. Augustine, naming the peninsula he believed to be an island "La Florida" and claiming it for the Spanish crown.
However, Ponce's 1513 expedition to Florida was the first open and official one. He also gave Florida its name, which means "full of flowers". [18] A dubious legend states that Ponce de León was searching for the Fountain of Youth on the island of Bimini, based on information from natives. [19] [20]
The colony was captured by the Dutch in 1655 and merged into New Netherland, with most of the colonists remaining. Years later, the entire New Netherland colony was incorporated into England's colonial holdings. The colony of New Sweden introduced Lutheranism to America in the form of some of the continent's oldest European churches. [40]