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In 1961, Goffman received the American Sociological Association's MacIver award for The Presentation of Self in Everyday Life. [3] Philosopher Helmut R. Wagner called the book "by far" Goffman's best book and "a still unsurpassed study of the management of impressions in face-to-face encounters, a form of not uncommon manipulation." [2]
Based on his participant observation field work (he was employed as a physical therapist's assistant under a grant from the National Institute of Mental Health at a mental institution in Washington, D.C.), Goffman details his theory of the "total institution" (principally in the example he gives, as the title of the book indicates, mental institutions) and the process by which it takes efforts ...
Goffman made substantial advances in the study of face-to-face interaction, elaborated the "dramaturgical approach" to human interaction, and developed numerous concepts that have had a massive influence, particularly in the field of the micro-sociology of everyday life.
The concept is generally attributed to the work of Erving Goffman and his 1974 book Frame analysis: An essay on the organization of experience and has been developed in social movement theory, policy studies and elsewhere. [2]
Erving Goffman emphasized the role of cultural context as a shaper of frames when he posited that the meaning of a frame has implicit cultural roots. [2] This context dependency of media frames has been described as 'cultural resonance' [ 11 ] or 'narrative fidelity'. [ 12 ]
Identity performance is a concept that holds that "identity" can be a project or a conscious effort or action taken to present oneself in social interactions.This is based on the definition of identity as an ongoing process of self-definition and the definitions of the self by others, which emerge from interaction with others. [1]
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Goffman gives examples of people commonly subject to nonperson treatment: "... it may be seen in our society in the way we sometimes treat children, servants, Negroes, and mental patients." [3]: 84 [1]: 151-153 Panhandlers are another category of people who receive the nonperson treatment. [5] Goffman, in his 1953 Ph.D. thesis writes: [6]