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The Constitution of Tonga is supreme law under which the Government of Tonga operates. It was enacted by King George Tupou I on 4 November 1875. It stipulates the makeup of the Tongan Government and the balance between its executive, legislature, and judiciary. The anniversary of its passage is celebrated annually as Tonga's Constitution Day.
Tuʻi Tonga, rulers of Tonga from c. 950 to 9th December, 1865, when the last Tu'i Tonga, HM Sanualio Fatafehi Laufilitonga, died. Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua, rulers of Tonga from c. 1470 to c. 1800. Tuʻi Kanokupolu, rulers of Tonga from c. 1500 to the present day. George Tupou I, the first constitutional monarch of Tonga, was the 19th Tuʻi Kanokupolu.
Parliament House in 2006.. The Legislative Assembly is composed of representatives from both the Nobles and the people. This composition is established by Article 59 of the Constitution as amended by the " Constitution of Tonga amendment Act 2010 "[2] Article 51 of the same Act allows the PM to nominate and the King to appoint up to 4 extra cabinet members from outside the Assembly.
Tonga does not have an official state religion. [86] The Constitution of Tonga (Revised 1998) provides for freedom of religion. [87] In 1928, Queen Salote Tupou III, who was a member of the Free Wesleyan Church of Tonga, established the Free Wesleyan Church as the state religion of Tonga. The chief pastor of the Free Wesleyan Church serves as ...
The Privy Council of Tonga is the highest ranking council to advise the Monarch in the Kingdom of Tonga. It is empowered to advise the King in his capacity as Head of State and Fountain of Justice under the provisions of Clause 50 (1) of the Constitution of Tonga: Clause 50 (1): "The King shall appoint a Privy Council to provide him with advice.
[2] [3] While never directly ruled by the British, its foreign affairs of the Kingdom of Tonga were conducted through the British Consul that gave the United Kingdom veto power over foreign policies and finances of the Kingdom of Tonga. [1] Tonga was affected by the 1918 flu pandemic, with 1,800 Tongans killed, around eight per cent of the ...
Tongan nationality law is regulated by the 1875 Constitution of Tonga, as amended; the Nationality Act, and its revisions; and international agreements entered into by the government of Tonga. [1] [2] These laws determine who is, or is eligible to be, a national of Tonga.
Domestic human rights protections include a Declaration of Rights in the 1875 Constitution of Tonga.This protects a number of civil and political rights such as prohibition of slavery (clause 2), equality before the law (clause 4), freedom of religion (clause 5), freedom of speech (clause 7), and a number of criminal procedure rights (clauses 9–16).