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Various names have been applied and have shifted over time, though Vietnam War is the most commonly used title in English. It has been called the Second Indochina War since it spread to Laos and Cambodia, [63] the Vietnam Conflict, [64] [65] and Nam (colloquially 'Nam). In Vietnam it is commonly known as Kháng chiến chống Mỹ (lit.
During the Vietnam War the border was crossed by Viet Cong supply lines, most notably the Ho Chi Minh Trail, causing it to be heavily bombed by American forces. [3] Following the victory of the Communists in 1975 in both Vietnam and Laos, a border treaty was signed in 1976 based on the colonial-era border line. [3]
The Vietnam War entry in The Canadian Encyclopedia asserts that Canada's record on the truce commissions was a pro-Saigon partisan one. [48] Under Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau, Immigration and Citizenship Canada notably accepted approximately 40,000 American draft evaders and military deserters as legal immigrants despite U.S. pressure. [49]
1969 map of the Demilitarized Zone. The Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone was a demilitarized zone at the 17th parallel in Quang Tri province that was the dividing line between North Vietnam and South Vietnam from 21 July 1954 to 2 July 1976, when Vietnam was officially divided into 2 de facto countries, which was 2 de jure military gathering areas supposed to be sustained in the short term after ...
On 2 July 1976, North and South Vietnam were merged to form the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. [156] The war had devastated Vietnam and killed 966,000 to 3.8 million people. [157] [158] [159] A 1974 US Senate subcommittee estimated nearly 1.4 million Vietnamese civilians were killed or wounded between 1965 and 1974—including 415,000 killed.
This war followed the First Indochina War (1946–54) and was fought between North Vietnam—supported by Communist nations such as the Soviet Union and China—and the government of South Vietnam—supported by the United States, South Korea, Australia, New Zealand, Thailand and other anti-communist allies.
Other nations, including Australia, the Republic of Korea, Thailand and New Zealand also contributed troops and military aid to South Vietnam's war effort. China, DPRK and the Soviet Union provided aid to and troops in support of North Vietnamese military activities. This was known as the Vietnam War, or the American War in
Vietnam – sovereign country located on the eastern extent of the Indochinese Peninsula in Southeast Asia. [1] It is bordered by China to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and the South China Sea to the east.