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In chemistry, a number of prefixes, suffixes and infixes are used to describe the type and position of the functional groups in the compound. The steps for naming an organic compound are: [5] Identification of the most senior group. If more than one functional group, if any, is present, the one with highest group precedence should be used.
Combining the names of functional groups with the names of the parent alkanes generates what is termed a systematic nomenclature for naming organic compounds. In traditional nomenclature, the first carbon atom after the carbon that attaches to the functional group is called the alpha carbon; the second, beta carbon, the third, gamma carbon, etc.
The main purpose of chemical nomenclature is to disambiguate the spoken or written names of chemical compounds: each name should refer to one compound. Secondarily, each compound should have only one name, although in some cases some alternative names are accepted. Preferably, the name should also represent the structure or chemistry of a compound.
Numerical terms for compound or complex features [ edit ] Numerical prefixes for multiplication of compound or complex (as in complicated ) features are created by adding kis to the basic numerical prefix, with the exception of numbers 2 and 3, which are bis- and tris-, respectively.
Even for elements such as nitrogen having only one stable allotrope, a name such as dinitrogen may be used to indicate its molecular structure N 2 as well as its elemental composition. The naming of chemical compounds comprising more than one element is a complex subject, discussed at length in the article on chemical nomenclature.
additive naming ([MnFO 3] fluoridotrioxidomanganese) Additionally there are recommendations for the following: naming of cluster compounds; allowed names for inorganic acids and derivatives; naming of solid phases e.g. non-stoichiometric phases; For a simple compound such as AlCl 3 the different naming conventions yield the following:
Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry, commonly referred to by chemists as the Blue Book, is a collection of recommendations on organic chemical nomenclature published at irregular intervals by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
In organic chemistry, the suffix-ane forms the names of organic compounds where the −C−C− group (a carbon-carbon single bond) has been attributed the highest priority according to the rules of organic nomenclature. Such organic compounds are called alkanes. They are saturated hydrocarbons.