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Illicium verum (star anise or badian, Chinese star anise, star anise seed, star aniseed and star of anise) is a medium-sized evergreen tree native to South China and northeast Vietnam. Its star-shaped pericarps harvested just before ripening are a spice that closely resembles anise in flavor.
Illicium floridanum Illicium henryi Illicium anisatum in Köhler's Medicinal Plants. Illicium is a genus of flowering plants treated as part of the family Schisandraceae, [2] or alternately as the sole genus of the Illiciaceae. [3]
The best-known species is Illicium verum, commonly known as star anise. The order belongs to the group of basal angiosperms, the ANA grade (Amborellales, Nymphaeales, and Austrobaileyales), which diverged earlier from the remaining flowering plants. Austrobaileyales is sister to all remaining extant angiosperms outside the ANA grade. [5] [6] [7]
The low isolation yield of shikimic acid from the Chinese star anise is blamed for the 2005 shortage of oseltamivir. Shikimic acid can also be extracted from the seeds of the sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua) fruit, [2] which is abundant in North America, in yields of around 1.5%. For example, 4 kg (8.8 lb) of sweetgum seeds is needed for ...
The Florida anise tree has large evergreen lance shaped leaves that are lustrous and dark green. [3] When crushed the leaf has a sweet odor, described as being "anise-like". [3] The leaf of this plant has a parallel main vein. [4] [unreliable source?] Within the leaf of this shrub, a flower also grows. The flower has 20 to 30 maroon-colored petals.
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Star anise: It is the major source of the chemical compound shikimic acid, a primary precursor in the pharmaceutical synthesis of anti-influenza drug oseltamivir (Tamiflu). [93] Inula helenium: Elecampane: It is used in herbal medicine as an expectorant and for water retention. [94]