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  2. Near-infrared spectroscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-infrared_spectroscopy

    NIR absorption bands are typically 10–100 times weaker than the corresponding fundamental mid-IR absorption band.) [4] The lower absorption allows NIR radiation to penetrate much further into a sample than mid infrared radiation. Near-infrared spectroscopy is, therefore, not a particularly sensitive technique, but it can be very useful in ...

  3. Normal shock tables - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_shock_tables

    In aerodynamics, the normal shock tables are a series of tabulated data listing the various properties before and after the occurrence of a normal shock wave. [1] With a given upstream Mach number, the post-shock Mach number can be calculated along with the pressure, density, temperature, and stagnation pressure ratios.

  4. Infrared spectroscopy correlation table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrared_spectroscopy...

    An infrared spectroscopy correlation table (or table of infrared absorption frequencies) is a list of absorption peaks and frequencies, typically reported in wavenumber, for common types of molecular bonds and functional groups.

  5. Arrhenius equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrhenius_equation

    In physical chemistry, the Arrhenius equation is a formula for the temperature dependence of reaction rates.The equation was proposed by Svante Arrhenius in 1889, based on the work of Dutch chemist Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff who had noted in 1884 that the van 't Hoff equation for the temperature dependence of equilibrium constants suggests such a formula for the rates of both forward and ...

  6. Table of thermodynamic equations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Table_of_thermodynamic...

    Quantity (common name/s) (Common) symbol/s Defining equation SI unit Dimension Temperature gradient: No standard symbol K⋅m −1: ΘL −1: Thermal conduction rate, thermal current, thermal/heat flux, thermal power transfer

  7. Heisler chart - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heisler_Chart

    These first Heisler–Gröber charts were based upon the first term of the exact Fourier series solution for an infinite plane wall: (,) = = [⁡ + ⁡ ⁡], [1]where T i is the initial uniform temperature of the slab, T ∞ is the constant environmental temperature imposed at the boundary, x is the location in the plane wall, λ is the root of λ * tan λ = Bi, and α is thermal diffusivity.

  8. Near-infrared window in biological tissue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Near-infrared_window_in...

    The near-infrared (NIR) window (also known as optical window or therapeutic window) defines the range of wavelengths from 650 to 1350 nanometre (nm) where light has its maximum depth of penetration in tissue. [1] Within the NIR window, scattering is the most dominant light-tissue interaction, and therefore the propagating light becomes diffused ...

  9. Larson–Miller relation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Larson–Miller_relation

    F.R. Larson and J. Miller proposed that creep rate could adequately be described by the Arrhenius type equation: = / Where r is the creep process rate, A is a constant, R is the universal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature, and is the activation energy for the creep process.