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Heart disease is the most common underlying cause of arterial thromboembolism. It leads to the formation of blood clots in the heart, which leave it with the bloodstream and obstruct larger blood vessels, in cats mainly the aorta at the outlet of the two external iliac arteries. Arterial thromboembolism occurs suddenly and is very painful.
Antibiotics administered 2x daily in adults need to be given 3x daily in kittens, and doses given at 24-hour intervals in adults need to be given at 18- to 20-hour intervals in kittens. In addition, because the liver does not metabolise drugs as efficiently as in adults, a higher dose relative to body weight may need to be given.
Cardiomegaly can be classified by the main enlarged location of the heart, and/or by the structure of the enlargement. Specific subtypes include athletic heart syndrome, which is a non-pathological condition commonly seen in sports medicine in which the heart is enlarged, and the resting heart rate is lower than normal.
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The symptoms of HCM include shortness of breath due to stiffening and decreased blood filling of the ventricles, exertional chest pain (sometimes known as angina) due to reduced blood flow to the coronary arteries, uncomfortable awareness of the heart beat (palpitations), as well as disruption of the electrical system running through the ...
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) refers to bleeding into the brain's ventricular system, where cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced and circulates. IVH can occur in both neonates and adults, but the mechanisms differ based on age and underlying causes. --- **1. Neonatal IVH** (Common in Premature Infants) **Pathophysiology**
[2] [3] Coronary artery ectasia occurs 4 times more frequently in males than in females and in people who have risk factors for heart disease such as smokers. [1] [4] [5] While the disease is commonly found in patients with atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease, it can occur by itself and in both cases, it can cause health problems.
The symptoms/signs of pulmonary heart disease (cor pulmonale) can be non-specific and depend on the stage of the disorder, and can include blood backing up into the systemic venous system, including the hepatic vein. [7] [8] As pulmonary heart disease progresses, most individuals will develop symptoms like: [1] Shortness of breath; Wheezing ...