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The second automotive air conditioning refrigerant invented was R-134a. R-134a is a hydrofluorocarbon refrigerant that contains fluorine and hydrogen. The successor to R-12, R-134a was a new refrigerant that no longer contained chlorine that could deplete the ozone layer.
Commonly used in automotive air conditioners prior to phase out which began in 2012. R-410A: 50% R-32 / 50% R-125 (pentafluoroethane) Between 2430 (R-32) and 6350 (R-125) > 677: Widely Used: Most used in split heat pumps / AC by 2018. Almost 100% share in the USA. [58] Being phased out in the US starting in 2022. [68] [69]
In a car equipped with air conditioning, outside air, or cabin air if the recirculation flap has been set to close the external air passages, is first forced, often after being filtered by a cabin air filter, through the air conditioner's evaporator coil. This can be thought of as a heater core filled with very cold liquid that is undergoing a ...
A thermal expansion valve is a key element to a heat pump; this is the cycle that makes air conditioning, or air cooling, possible. A basic refrigeration cycle consists of four major elements: a compressor , a condenser , a metering device and an evaporator .
An air conditioner designed for an occupied space will typically achieve a 30% to 60% relative humidity in the occupied space. [51] Most modern air-conditioning systems feature a dehumidification cycle during which the compressor runs. At the same time, the fan is slowed to reduce the evaporator temperature and condense more water.
A representative pressure–volume diagram for a refrigeration cycle. Vapour-compression refrigeration or vapor-compression refrigeration system (VCRS), [1] in which the refrigerant undergoes phase changes, is one of the many refrigeration cycles and is the most widely used method for air conditioning of buildings and automobiles.
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Temperature in each zone may be adjusted by adding small amounts of trim air, which is low-pressure, high-temperature air tapped off the AC PACK upstream of the TCV. Air is also supplied to individual gasper vents. [a] A revolving control on the vent can be turned to adjust ventilation between no air output at all and a fairly substantial breeze.