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CMOS inverter (a NOT logic gate). Complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS, pronounced "sea-moss ", / s iː m ɑː s /, /-ɒ s /) is a type of metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET) fabrication process that uses complementary and symmetrical pairs of p-type and n-type MOSFETs for logic functions. [1]
The benefits of full-custom design include reduced area (and therefore recurring component cost), performance improvements, and also the ability to integrate analog components and other pre-designed—and thus fully verified—components, such as microprocessor cores, that form a system on a chip.
TTL logic levels are different from those of CMOS – generally a TTL output does not rise high enough to be reliably recognized as a logic 1 by a CMOS input. This problem was solved by the invention of the 74HCT family of devices that uses CMOS technology but TTL input logic levels. These devices only work with a 5V power supply.
Bardeen and Brattain's 1948 inversion layer concept forms the basis of CMOS technology today. [73] The CMOS (complementary MOS) was invented by Chih-Tang Sah and Frank Wanlass at Fairchild Semiconductor in 1963. [74] The first report of a floating-gate MOSFET was made by Dawon Kahng and Simon Sze in 1967. [75]
CHMOS refers to one of a series of Intel CMOS processes developed from their HMOS process. CHMOS stands for "complementary high-performance metal-oxide-silicon. [1] It was first developed in 1981. [2] CHMOS was used in the Intel 80C51BH, a new version of their standard MCS-51 microcontroller. [3]
Very-large-scale integration (VLSI) is the process of creating an integrated circuit (IC) by combining millions or billions of MOS transistors onto a single chip. VLSI began in the 1970s when MOS integrated circuit (metal oxide semiconductor) chips were developed and then widely adopted, enabling complex semiconductor and telecommunications technologies.
[37] [38] [39] A bus-accurate, full speed COSMAC Elf clone was created without a CDP1802 microprocessor chip or CDP1861 video chip using PIC microcontrollers. [40] An online simulator of the COSMAC Elf (enhanced) written in JavaScript runs in the user's browser with no need to download. [41]
HCMOS ("high-speed CMOS") is the set of specifications for electrical ratings and characteristics, forming the 74HC00 family, a part of the 7400 series of integrated circuits. [ 1 ] The 74HC00 family followed, and improved upon, the 74C00 series (which provided an alternative CMOS logic family to the 4000 series but retained the part number ...