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The following formula gives the number of pixels, horizontally or vertically, given the physical size of a format and the pixels per inch of the output: = Pixels per inch (or pixels per centimetre) describes the detail of an image file when the print size is known. For example, a 100×100 pixel image printed in a 2 inch square has a resolution ...
The word pixel is a combination of pix (from "pictures", shortened to "pics") and el (for "element"); similar formations with ' el' include the words voxel [4] 'volume pixel', and texel 'texture pixel'. [4] The word pix appeared in Variety magazine headlines in 1932, as an abbreviation for the word pictures, in reference to movies. [5]
An image that is 2048 pixels in width and 1536 pixels in height has a total of 2048×1536 = 3,145,728 pixels or 3.1 megapixels. One could refer to it as 2048 by 1536 or a 3.1-megapixel image. The image would be a very low quality image (72ppi) if printed at about 28.5 inches wide, but a very good quality (300ppi) image if printed at about 7 ...
For magnifying computer graphics with low resolution and few colors (usually from 2 to 256 colors), better results will be achieved by pixel art scaling algorithms such as hqx or xbr. These produce sharp edges and maintain high level of detail. Unfortunately due to the standardized size of 218x80 pixels, the "Wiki" image cannot use HQ4x or ...
The aspect ratio of the pixels themselves is known as the pixel aspect ratio (PAR) – for square pixels this is 1:1 – and these are related by the identity: SAR × PAR = DAR. Rearranging (solving for PAR) yields: PAR = DAR / SAR. For example: A 640 × 480 VGA image has a SAR of 640/480 = 4:3, and if displayed on a 4:3 display (DAR = 4:3) has ...
Other factors include pixel noise, pixel cross-talk, substrate penetration, and fill factor. A common problem among non-technicians is the use of the number of pixels on the detector to describe the resolution. If all sensors were the same size, this would be acceptable. Since they are not, the use of the number of pixels can be misleading.
An optical instrument is said to be diffraction-limited if it has reached this limit of resolution performance. Other factors may affect an optical system's performance, such as lens imperfections or aberrations, but these are caused by errors in the manufacture or calculation of a lens, whereas the diffraction limit is the maximum resolution ...
In actual images, these extra pixels are often partly or entirely black, as only the center 704 horizontal pixels carry actual 4:3 or 16:9 image. Hence, the actual pixel aspect ratio PAR for PAL video is a little different from that given by the formula, specifically 12:11 for PAL and 10:11 for NTSC.