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The Turkish Straits crisis was a Cold War-era territorial conflict between the Soviet Union and Turkey. Turkey had remained officially neutral throughout most of the Second World War . [ a ] After the war ended, Turkey was pressured by the Soviet government to institute joint military control of passage through the Turkish Straits , which ...
The United States' firm opposition to Soviet-backed separatist movements in Turkey and Persia led to the crushing and re-annexation of the Kurdish Republic of Mahabad (1946–1947) and Azeri Azerbaijan People's Government (1945–1946) by Persia. [1] Turkey joined the anti-Soviet military alliance NATO in 1952. Following the death of Stalin in ...
According to Soviet documents, Soviet financial and war material support between 1920 and 1922 amounted to: 39,000 rifles, 327 machine guns, 54 cannon, 63 million rifle bullets, 147,000 shells, 2 patrol boats, 200.6 kg of gold ingots and 10.7 [6] million Turkish lira (which accounted for a twentieth of the Turkish budget during the war). [6]
5 April – USS Missouri (BB-63) carried the remains of the Turkish Ambassador to the United States, Münir Ertegün, from New York to İstanbul; 31 May – 1946 Varto–Hınıs earthquake; 21 July – General elections (CHP 396 seats, DP 61 seats, Independents7 seats) 8 August – Soviet Union proposed to change the status of the straits
The Turkish Straits crisis prompted İnönü to build closer ties with the Western powers, with the country eventually joining NATO in 1952, though by then he was no longer president. Factionalism between statists and liberals in the CHP led to the creation of the Democrat Party in 1946.
The incidents started proper on 15 May 1946 when seven Royal Navy ships, including HMS Orion and HMS Superb, crossed the Corfu Channel following a prior inspection and clearing of the strait. [ 4 ] [ 3 ] While crossing, they came under fire from Albanian artillery in coastal fortifications.
Soviet pressure expanded into a full demand to revise the Montreux Convention, which led to the 1946 Turkish Straits crisis and Turkey abandoning its policy of neutrality. In 1947, Turkey became the recipient of US military and economic assistance under the Truman Doctrine of containment and joined NATO along with Greece, in 1952.
In 1945, the Turkish Straits crisis developed over requested Russian military bases in the Turkish Straits as a part of Soviet territorial claims against Turkey. After World War II, Turkey was pressured by the Soviet government to allow Russian shipping to pass freely through the Turkish Straits, which connect the Black Sea to the Mediterranean ...