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Xeroderma, xerosis or xerosis cutis, or simply dry skin, is a skin condition characterized by excessively dry skin. [2] The term derives from Greek ξηρός (xeros) 'dry' and δέρμα (derma) 'skin'. In most cases, dry skin can safely be treated with moisturizers (also called emollients).
Cutis laxa may be caused by mutations in the genes: ELN, [8] ATP6V0A2, [9] ATP7A, [10] FBLN4, [11] FBLN5, [12] and PYCR1. [13] A related neurocutaneous syndrome may be caused by mutations in the gene ALDH18A1 (P5CS). [14] Cutis laxa may also be seen in association with inherited connective tissue disorders such as Ehlers–Danlos syndromes.
No single mechanism leading to steatosis exists; rather, a varied multitude of pathologies disrupt normal lipid movement through the cell and cause accumulation. [7] These mechanisms can be separated based on whether they ultimately cause an oversupply of lipid which can not be removed quickly enough (i.e., too much in), or whether they cause a failure in lipid breakdown (i.e., not enough used).
Cutis laxa (chalazoderma, dermatochalasia, dermatolysis, dermatomegaly, generalized elastolysis, generalized elastorrhexis, pachydermatocele) Cutis rhomboidalis nuchae; Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (cutis hyperelastica, elastic skin, India rubber skin) Elastosis perforans serpiginosa; Homocystinuria; Jadassohn–Pellizzari anetoderma
One series of 300 patients with Grover's disease reported an association with other coexisting dermatoses including atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, and xerosis cutis. [6] More recent reports have indicated a connection with the Pfizer vaccine for Covid-19 [ 7 ] and as a presenting symptom of SARS-CoV-2 infection itself. [ 8 ]
Senile pruritus is one of the most common conditions in the elderly or people over 65 years of age with an emerging itch that may be accompanied with changes in temperature and textural characteristics.
It can also be observed in various hereditary connective tissue disorders, including classical Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and cutis laxa. Dermatochalasis can be a major contributing factor for headaches [ 4 ] due to tonic reflex contraction of muscles in an attempt to compensate, which then causes tension-type headaches.
Borrelial lymphocytoma, [1] lymphadenosis benigna cutis, lymphocytoma cutis, pseudolymphoma, pseudolymphoma of Spiegler and Fendt, [1] sarcoidosis of Spiegler and Fendt, [1] Spiegler–Fendt lymphoid hyperplasia, [1] Spiegler–Fendt sarcoid: Borrelial lymphocytoma on the cheek: Specialty: Dermatology