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The Bantu expansion [3] [4] [5] was a major series of migrations of the original Proto-Bantu-speaking group, [6] [7] which spread from an original nucleus around West-Central Africa. In the process, the Proto-Bantu-speaking settlers displaced, eliminated or absorbed pre-existing hunter-gatherer and pastoralist groups that they encountered.
From Nigeria and Cameroon, agricultural Proto-Bantu peoples began to migrate, and amid migration, diverged into East Bantu peoples (e.g., Democratic Republic of Congo) and West Bantu peoples (e.g., Congo, Gabon) between 2500 BCE and 1200 BCE. [29] Irish (2016) also views Igbo people and Yoruba people as being possibly back-migrated Bantu ...
These Bantu migrants were held to have been speakers of Sabaki Bantu languages. [3] Other Bantu ethnic groups, smaller in number, are also suggested to have been part of the migration. [ 4 ] From Shungwaya, the Mount Kenya Bantu ( Kamba , Kikuyu , Meru , Embu , and Mbeere ) are then proposed to have broke away and migrated from there some time ...
All three groups speak Kinyarwanda, which is a Bantu language. There is disagreement as to when and how each group appeared in Rwanda. Some suggest the three groups diverged from each other while others suggest each group arriving in separate migration waves, first Twa, then Hutu, and finally Tutsi.
The creation of false homelands or Bantustans (based on dividing South African Bantu language speaking peoples by ethnicity) was a central element of this strategy, the Bantustans were eventually made nominally independent, in order to limit South African Bantu language speaking peoples citizenship to those Bantustans.
The Xhosa often called the "Red Blanket People," are Bantu people living in south-east South Africa and in the last two centuries throughout the southern and central-southern parts of the country. Both the Ndebele of Zimbabwe and the Ngoni migrated northward out of South Africa in the early 19th century, during a politically tumultuous era that ...
With more than 10 million Kinyarwanda speakers, [87] and around 20 million for Rwanda-Rundi as a whole, [87] it is one of the largest of the Bantu languages. [88] The language was likely to have been introduced to the area from Cameroon during the Bantu expansion, although the timescale and nature of this migration is not known conclusively. [89]
Based on the dominating languages and customs (e.g. initiation, circumcision); the area is predominantly of Bantu ancestry. Genetic studies confirm this Bantu ancestry, but show notable differences to the adjacent Mijikenda bantu-speaking people reflecting their distinct cultural histories. [4] Chagga man at Mount Kilimanjaro, Tanzania