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The following presents examples for one of the most widely used object-oriented languages, Java, which should cover nearly every way that an object-oriented language can treat this problem. Unlike in C++, objects in Java are always accessed indirectly through references. Objects are never created implicitly but instead are always passed or ...
For example, strings and arrays are passed by reference, but when modified, they are duplicated if they have non-zero reference counts. This allows them to act as value types without the performance problems of copying on assignment or making them immutable. [8] In the Qt framework, many types are copy-on-write ("implicitly shared" in Qt's terms).
array data valued object of zero or more orthogonal dimensions in row-major order in which each item is a primitive scalar datum or another array. [68] niladic not taking or requiring any arguments, nullary [69] monadic requiring only one argument; on the right for a function, on the left for an operator, unary [69] dyadic
MATLAB: The ellipsis need not end the line, but text following it is ignored. [5] It begins a comment that extends through (including) the first subsequent newline. Contrast this with a line comment which extends until the next newline.
$ The following example shows how a Matrix-family object and an Array-family object $ with the same structure and values are operated on differently although using the $ same "*" and "/" operator: in the first case using the matrix algebra and in the $ second case operating on an element-by-element basis.
For example, example.pb.cc and example.pb.h are generated from example.proto. They define C++ classes for each message and service in example.proto . Canonically, messages are serialized into a binary wire format which is compact, forward- and backward-compatible , but not self-describing (that is, there is no way to tell the names, meaning, or ...
A snippet of Java code with keywords highlighted in bold blue font. The syntax of Java is the set of rules defining how a Java program is written and interpreted. The syntax is mostly derived from C and C++. Unlike C++, Java has no global functions or variables, but has data members which are also regarded as global variables.
Some functions can be followed by an axis indicator in (square) brackets, i.e., this appears between a function and an array and should not be confused with array subscripts written after an array. For example, given the ⌽ (reversal) function and a two-dimensional array, the function by default operates along the last axis but this can be ...