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Hypertension is usually treated to achieve a blood pressure of below 140/90 mmHg to 160/100 mmHg. According to one 2003 review, reduction of the blood pressure by 5 mmHg can decrease the risk of stroke by 34% and of ischaemic heart disease by 21% and reduce the likelihood of dementia, heart failure, and mortality from cardiovascular disease. [1]
In the United States, the JNC8 (Eighth Joint National Committee on the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure) recommends thiazide-type diuretics to be one of the first-line drug treatments for hypertension, either as monotherapy or in combination with calcium channel blockers, ACEis, or ARBs. [7]
The treatment of moderately high arterial blood pressure (defined as >160/100 mmHg) with medications is associated with an improved life expectancy. [15] The effect of treatment of blood pressure between 130/80 mmHg and 160/100 mmHg is less clear, with some reviews finding benefit [6] [16] [17] and others finding unclear benefit.
Labile hypertension occurs when there are unexpected changes in blood pressure. The term can be used to describe when people have blood pressure measurements that abruptly fluctuate from being abnormally high, approximately 140/90 mm Hg or over and returns to its normal range.
Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit hospital system with campuses in Rochester, Minnesota; Scottsdale and Phoenix, Arizona; and Jacksonville, Florida. [22] [23] Mayo Clinic employs 76,000 people, including more than 7,300 physicians and clinical residents and over 66,000 allied health staff, as of 2022. [5]
In cats, it is the first line of treatment due to its efficacy and few side effects. [63] Systemic hypertension in cats is usually secondary to another abnormality, such as chronic kidney disease , and so amlodipine is most often administered to cats with kidney disease . [ 64 ]
Impressed by the medical treatment received by members of Jacksonville's Davis family (then owners of the Winn-Dixie supermarket chain) at Mayo Clinic in Minnesota, they rallied community and corporate support to bring Mayo Clinic to Jacksonville and donated a 392-acre parcel off San Pablo Road on which Mayo Clinic opened an outpatient consultation center on October 6th, 1986.
Although severe hypertension is more common in the elderly, it may occur in children (though very rarely), likely due to metabolic or hormonal dysfunction. In 2014, a systematic review identified women as having slightly higher increased risks of developing hypertensive crises than do men. [5]