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White Hart as a Royal Badge of Richard II. The White Hart ("hart" being an archaic word for a mature stag) was the personal badge of Richard II, who probably derived it from the arms of his mother, Joan "The Fair Maid of Kent", heiress of Edmund of Woodstock. It may also have been a pun on his name, as in "Rich-hart". [1]
Royal badges have been in use since the earliest stages of English heraldry. They are invariably simple devices, and numerous examples were adopted and inherited by various sovereigns. These are found in the glass and fabric of royal palaces and memorial chapels, and sometimes in the houses of those who enjoyed or anticipated royal patronage. [2]
The Norman kings and their sons may have originally used lions as badges of kingship. The lion was a Royal Badge long before heraldic records, as Henry I gave a shield of golden lions to his son-in-law Geoffrey of Anjou in 1127. The seals of William II and Henry I included many devices regarded as badges. Stephen I used a sagittary (centaur) as ...
In the Wilton Diptych, Richard's own badge has pearls on the antler tips, which the angels' badges lack. The white hart in the badge on the Treasury Roll, which the painted one may have copied, had pearls and sat on a grass bed made of emeralds, [3] and a hart badge of Richard's inventoried in the possession of Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy ...
13th-century English illuminated manuscript depicting St Eustace and the white hart. White deer hold a place in the traditions of many cultures. They are considered to be messengers from the otherworld in some Celtic mythology; [citation needed] they also played an important role in other pre-Indo-European cultures, especially in the north. [2]
It is invariably compared to the white hart badges worn by King Richard II and by the angels surrounding the Virgin Mary in the painted Wilton Diptych of around the same date, where the chains hang freely down. The jewel is formed as a standing or walking mute swan gorged (collared) by a gold royal crown with six fleur-de-lys tines. There is a ...
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The blue fleur-de-lis appears amongst the Royal Badges in England of the Stuarts. The thistle is an ancient badge of Scotland. The escallop shell was traditionally a token of pilgrimage on the Way of St James. The shell in the labels of the dukes of Cambridge and Sussex alludes to those of the Spencer arms of their mother, Diana, Princess of Wales.