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White Hart as a Royal Badge of Richard II. The White Hart ("hart" being an archaic word for a mature stag) was the personal badge of Richard II, who probably derived it from the arms of his mother, Joan "The Fair Maid of Kent", heiress of Edmund of Woodstock. It may also have been a pun on his name, as in "Rich-hart". [1]
Royal badges have been in use since the earliest stages of English heraldry. They are invariably simple devices, and numerous examples were adopted and inherited by various sovereigns. These are found in the glass and fabric of royal palaces and memorial chapels, and sometimes in the houses of those who enjoyed or anticipated royal patronage. [2]
The Stuarts were the last to bear personal badges, ceasing with Anne; the royal badges afterward became more akin to national emblems, evolving into our modern versions. [6] All sorts of devices were used on standards, generally a beast badge, a plant badge or instead of the latter a simple object (such as a knot).
In the Wilton Diptych, Richard's own badge has pearls on the antler tips, which the angels' badges lack. The white hart in the badge on the Treasury Roll, which the painted one may have copied, had pearls and sat on a grass bed made of emeralds, [3] and a hart badge of Richard's inventoried in the possession of Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy ...
13th-century English illuminated manuscript depicting St Eustace and the white hart. White deer hold a place in the traditions of many cultures. They are considered to be messengers from the otherworld in some Celtic mythology; [citation needed] they also played an important role in other pre-Indo-European cultures, especially in the north. [2]
Back of White Hart Inn, Southwark by Philip Norman.. The White Hart Inn was a coaching inn located on Borough High Street in Southwark. [1] The inn is first recorded in 1406 but likely dates back to the late fourteenth century as the White Hart was the symbol of Richard II. [2]
It is invariably compared to the white hart badges worn by King Richard II and by the angels surrounding the Virgin Mary in the painted Wilton Diptych of around the same date, where the chains hang freely down. The jewel is formed as a standing or walking mute swan gorged (collared) by a gold royal crown with six fleur-de-lys tines. There is a ...
Armies and Corps used the pre-existing scheme of red and black or red and white for army and corps respectively, with a number applied as an identifier. When this insecure method of identification was banned by order in 1916, other signs were used, but the army and corps colours continued to be used in some cases.
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