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The military of Carthage was one of the largest military forces in the ancient world.Although Carthage's navy was always its main military force, the army acquired a key role in the spread of Carthaginian power over the native peoples of northern Africa and southern Iberian Peninsula from the 6th century BC and the 3rd century BC.
The end of the Carthaginian Empire came after the destruction of Carthage in 146 BC, which occurred at the end of the Third Punic War, the final conflict between Carthage and Rome. [8] This took place about 50 years after the end of the Carthaginian presence in Iberia, and the entire empire came under Roman control. [8]
Under the leadership of the Barcid family, Ancient Carthage expanded its possessions on the Iberian Peninsula from 237 to 218 BC.The First Punic War and the Mercenary War had resulted in an end to Carthage's expansion to the north and in Africa; blocked from their traditional areas of expanse, they now sought to conquer the Iberian Peninsula.
Iberian-Celtic helmet of the Chalcidian type 02. The majority of these soldiers wore simple tunics and lacked real armour because they relied on greater mobility. The cardiophylax was a very common piece of protection in ancient Iberia, most likely circular and with decorations and reliefs depicting animals and patterns.
Soldiers would not work individually, but in small-sized units formed by friends and relatives, managed by their own chiefs and keeping their cultural traits. [13] Starting from the 5th century BC, mercenary life would become a social phenom in Hispania, with great numbers of fighters from distant lands coming to join the armies of Carthage ...
They told the soldiers that their demand for pay was reasonable and that they would put it to Scipio, who sent collectors among the tributary tribes to raise the money for this. Scipio then summoned the soldiers to New Carthage to receive the pay. The ringleaders were executed and the soldiers were reprimanded and then given their pay. [55]
Despite the withdrawal of Carthage from Hispania, the peninsular custom of mercenary life survived. Between 197 and 195 BC, the Turdetanians employed 30,000 Celtiberians as elite troops during the Iberian revolt, while in 147 BC the Romans themselves sent them unsuccessfully against the Lusitanians led by Viriathus.
Hasdrubal I of Carthage — Magonid king of Ancient Carthage 530–510 BC; Hasdrubal the Fair (c. 270 BC – 221 BC), son-in-law of Hamilcar Barca; Hasdrubal Barca (245–207 BC), son of Hamilcar Barca and brother of Hannibal and Mago; Hasdrubal Gisco Gisgonis (died 202 BC), another commander in the Second Punic War, father of Sophonisba