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Sinusitis, also known as rhinosinusitis, is an inflammation of the mucous membranes that line the sinuses resulting in symptoms that may include production of thick nasal mucus, nasal congestion, facial congestion, facial pain, facial pressure, loss of smell, or fever. [6] [7] Sinusitis is a condition that affects both children and adults.
Infants and young children are also very susceptible; globally, pneumonia kills more children under the age of 5 than any other infectious disease. Other vulnerable groups include people who are ...
A 2014 systematic review of clinical trials does not support routine rapid viral testing to decrease antibiotic use for children in emergency departments. [11] It is unclear if rapid viral testing in the emergency department for children with acute febrile respiratory infections reduces the rates of antibiotic use, blood testing, or urine ...
No vaccine [33] Rapid antibiotic treatment helps prevent rheumatic fever [33] viridans: Oral flora, [48] penetration through abrasions Subacute bacterial endocarditis [48] Dental cavities [48] Abscesses of brain and liver [48] Penicillin G [48] Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum: Sexual [33] [48] Vertical (from mother to fetus) [33]
Cough medicines are not recommended for use in children due to a lack of evidence supporting effectiveness and the potential for harm. [62] [63] In 2009, Canada restricted the use of over-the-counter cough and cold medication in children six years and under due to concerns regarding risks and unproven benefits. [62]
Tetracyclines are generally used in the treatment of infections of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, and the intestines and are also used in the treatment of chlamydia, especially in patients allergic to β-lactams and macrolides; however, their use for these indications is less popular than it once was due to widespread development of resistance in the causative organisms.
Children with acute otitis media who are younger than six months of age are generally treated with amoxicillin or other antibiotics. Although most children with acute otitis media who are older than two years old do not benefit from treatment with amoxicillin or other antibiotics, such treatment may be helpful in children younger than two years old with acute otitis media that is bilateral or ...
Another cochrane review suggests that new studies are needed to confirm that azithromycin may lead to less treatment failure and lower side effects than amoxycillin. [24] In the other hand, there is no sufficient evidence to consider the antibiotics as a prophylaxis for the high risk children under 12 years. [25]