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Adipose tissue (also known as body fat or simply fat) is a loose connective tissue composed mostly of adipocytes. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It also contains the stromal vascular fraction ( SVF ) of cells including preadipocytes , fibroblasts , vascular endothelial cells and a variety of immune cells such as adipose tissue macrophages .
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 15 February 2025. Esters of fatty acid or triglycerides This article is about the type of nutrient in food. For fat in animals, see Adipose tissue. For chemistry of fats, see triglyceride. For other uses, see Fat (disambiguation). Idealized representation of a molecule of a typical triglyceride, the main ...
A typical fat cell is 0.1 mm in diameter [2] with some being twice that size, and others half that size. However, these numerical estimates of fat cell size depend largely on the measurement method and the location of the adipose tissue. [2] The fat stored is in a semi-liquid state, and is composed primarily of triglycerides, and cholesteryl ester.
Abdominal obesity, excess fat cell accumulation in adipose tissue of the abdomen, is associated more strongly with meta-inflammation. [9] Evolutionarily, adipose tissue has been shown to function as an immune organ. [8] The immune cells located in adipose tissue are important for maintaining metabolic homeostasis.
Some nutrients can be stored – the fat-soluble vitamins – while others are required more or less continuously. Poor health can be caused by a lack of required nutrients, or for some vitamins and minerals, too much of a required nutrient. Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized by the body, and must be obtained from food.
Examples of non-fibrous connective tissue include adipose tissue (fat) and blood. Adipose tissue gives "mechanical cushioning" to the body, among other functions. [20] [21] Although there is no dense collagen network in adipose tissue, groups of adipose cells are kept together by collagen fibers and collagen sheets in order to keep fat tissue ...
In terms of tissue type, the body may be analyzed into water, fat, connective tissue, muscle, bone, etc. In terms of cell type, the body contains hundreds of different types of cells, but notably, the largest number of cells contained in a human body (though not the largest mass of cells) are not human cells, but bacteria residing in the normal ...
The "fat-soluble" vitamins (A, D, E and K) – which are isoprene-based lipids – are essential nutrients stored in the liver and fatty tissues, with a diverse range of functions. Acyl-carnitines are involved in the transport and metabolism of fatty acids in and out of mitochondria, where they undergo beta oxidation . [ 77 ]