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A circuit decade counter using JK Flip-flops (74LS112D) A decade counter counts in decimal digits, rather than binary. A decade counter may have each (that is, it may count in binary-coded decimal, as the 7490 integrated circuit did) or other binary encodings. A decade counter is a binary counter designed to count to 1001 (decimal 9).
The counter itself must count in Gray code, or if the counter runs in binary then the output value from the counter must be reclocked after it has been converted to Gray code, because when a value is converted from binary to Gray code, [nb 1] it is possible that differences in the arrival times of the binary data bits into the binary-to-Gray ...
8-bit binary counter, output registers three-state 16 SN74LS590: 74x591 1 8-bit binary counter, output registers open-collector 16 SN74LS591: 74x592 1 8-bit binary counter, input registers 16 SN74LS592: 74x593 1 8-bit binary counter, input registers three-state 20 SN74LS593: 74x594 1 8-bit shift registers, serial-in, parallel-out, output ...
A full adder can be viewed as a 3:2 lossy compressor: it sums three one-bit inputs and returns the result as a single two-bit number; that is, it maps 8 input values to 4 output values. (the term "compressor" instead of "counter" was introduced in [13])Thus, for example, a binary input of 101 results in an output of 1 + 0 + 1 = 10 (decimal ...
Also, 12-bit central processing unit (CPU) and arithmetic logic unit (ALU) architectures are those that are based on registers, address buses, or data buses of that size. Before the widespread adoption of ASCII in the late 1960s, six-bit character codes were common and a 12-bit word, which could hold two characters, was a convenient size.
An animation of a frequency divider implemented with D flip-flops, counting from 0 to 7 in binary. For power-of-2 integer division, a simple binary counter can be used, clocked by the input signal. The least-significant output bit alternates at 1/2 the rate of the input clock, the next bit at 1/4 the rate, the third bit at 1/8 the rate, etc.
A delta-encoded or counter-ramp ADC has an up-down counter that feeds a DAC. The input signal and the DAC both go to a comparator. The comparator controls the counter. The circuit uses negative feedback from the comparator to adjust the counter until the DAC's output matches the input signal and number is read from the counter. Delta converters ...
The first computer to have multiple parallel discrete single-bit ALU circuits was the 1951 Whirlwind I, which employed sixteen such "math units" to enable it to operate on 16-bit words. In 1967, Fairchild introduced the first ALU-like device implemented as an integrated circuit, the Fairchild 3800, consisting of an eight-bit arithmetic unit ...