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Aldehyde structure. In organic chemistry, an aldehyde (/ ˈ æ l d ɪ h aɪ d /) is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure R−CH=O. [1] The functional group itself (without the "R" side chain) can be referred to as an aldehyde but can also be classified as a formyl group. Aldehydes are a common motif in many ...
To avoid long and tedious names in normal communication, the official IUPAC naming recommendations are not always followed in practice, except when it is necessary to give an unambiguous and absolute definition to a compound. IUPAC names can sometimes be simpler than older names, as with ethanol, instead of ethyl alcohol. For relatively simple ...
In chemistry, the suffix-al is the IUPAC nomenclature used in organic chemistry to form names of aldehydes containing the -(CO)H group in the systematic form. It was extracted from the word "aldehyde". With the exception of chemical compounds having a higher priority than it, all aldehydes is named with -al, such as 'propanal'.
In organic chemistry, an aldol is a structure consisting of a hydroxy group (-OH) two carbons away from either an aldehyde or a ketone. The name combines the suffix 'ol' from the alcohol and the prefix depending on the carbonyl group, either 'ald' for an aldehyde, or 'ket' for a ketone, in which case it referred to as a 'ketol'. An aldol may ...
While nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions can be base-catalyzed, the reaction will not occur if the leaving group is a stronger base than the nucleophile (i.e. the leaving group must have a higher pK a than the nucleophile). Unlike acid-catalyzed processes, both the nucleophile and the leaving group exist as anions under basic conditions.
In organic chemistry, a Schiff base (named after Hugo Schiff) is a compound with the general structure R 1 R 2 C=NR 3 (R 3 = alkyl or aryl, but not hydrogen). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] They can be considered a sub-class of imines , being either secondary ketimines or secondary aldimines depending on their structure.
Pivaldehyde is an organic compound, more specifically an aldehyde.Shown in the image is a line-angle representation of this organic aldehyde, whose systematic name, 2,2-dimethylpropanal, is based on the longest carbon chain (three carbon atoms), ending in "-al" to indicate the aldehyde functionality, and where another descriptive synonym is trimethylacetaldehyde. [2]
Fischer projection of D-glyceraldehyde. Like most carbohydrates, simple aldoses have the general chemical formula C n (H 2 O) n.Because formaldehyde (n=1) and glycolaldehyde (n=2) are not generally considered to be carbohydrates, [1] the simplest possible aldose is the triose glyceraldehyde, which only contains three carbon atoms.