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Sal forest covers about 45% of their forested areas. Orissa has the largest sal forest, covering 38,300 km 2 (14,800 sq mi) followed by Madhya Pradesh with 27,800 km 2 (10,700 sq mi) and Chhattisgarh with 24,245 km 2 (9,361 sq mi). Across these three states some 20-30 million forest dwellers depend on collection of sal seeds, leaves and resins. [9]
Sal tree resin is known as sal dammar or Indian dammar, [23] ṛla in Sanskrit. It is used as an astringent in Ayurvedic medicine, [24] burned as incense in Hindu ceremonies, and used to caulk boats and ships. [23] Sal seeds and fruit are a source of lamp oil and vegetable fat. The seed oil is extracted from the seeds and used as cooking oil ...
The seed oil of 'Madhuca indica' can be utilize to synthesize polymer resin. In one of the attempts, it has been used to prepare alkyd type of polyurethane resins, which are used as a good source of anticorrosion organic coatings. [7] The Tamils have several uses for M. longifolia (iluppai in Tamil).
The twincrest onion is a perennial at altitudes ranging from 2000 to 2900 meters. It grows to between ten and forty cm high. The onion bulbs are round and egg-shaped. The bulbs have a light tint and when cut, have a powerful odor. The flower heads are about 10–15 mm in length. The flowers are varying shades of purple or pink.
Allium tricoccum with open inflorescence bud (June 6). Allium tricoccum is a perennial growing from an ovoid-conical shaped bulb that is 2–6 cm (1–2 in) long. [4] Plants typically produce a cluster of 2–6 bulbs that give rise to broad, [5] flat, smooth, light green leaves, that are 20–30 cm (8–12 in) long including the narrow petioles, [4] often with deep purple or burgundy tints on ...
The finely and sharply serrate leaves are shiny and dark green above. Gaultheria shallon is 0.4 to 3.05 metres (1 + 1 ⁄ 2 to 10 feet) tall, sprawling to erect. It is loosely to densely branched and often forms dense, nearly impenetrable thickets. [2]
Allium ursinum is a bulbous, perennial herbaceous monocot, that reproduces primarily by seed. The narrow bulbs are formed from a single leaf base [ 8 ] and produce bright green entire, elliptical leaves up to 25 cm (9.8 in) long x 7 cm (2.8 in) wide with a petiole up to 20 cm (7.9 in) long. [ 8 ]
They have an oblong shape and pinnate venation. They tend to grow up to 15 cm in length and 5 cm in width. [2] The flowers have bilateral symmetry and are characterized for purple and white colors, and they have 3 petals. The inflorescence is indeterminate meaning that the growing flowers are on the top while the full flowers are on the lower part.